TY - JOUR
T1 - The modifying role of major cardiovascular risk factors in the association between retirement and cardiovascular disease
T2 - results from SHARE Portugal
AU - Sousa-Uva, Mafalda
AU - Fonseca, António Manuel
AU - Nunes, Baltazar
AU - Sousa-Uva, António
AU - Rodrigues, Ana Paula
AU - Matias-Dias, Carlos
N1 - Funding Information:
The SHARE data collection has been funded by the European Commission through FP5 (QLK6-CT-2001-00360), FP6 (SHARE-I3: RII-CT-2006-062193, COMPARE: CIT5-CT-2005-028857, SHA RELIFE: CIT4-CT-2006-028812), FP7 (SHARE-PREP: GA N◦211909, SHARE-LEAP: GA N◦227822, SHARE M4: GA N◦261982, DASISH: GA N◦283646) and Horizon 2020 (SHARE-DEV3: GA N◦676536, SHARE-COHESION: GA N◦870628, SERISS: GA N◦654221, SSHOC: GA N◦823782) and by DG Employment, Social Affairs & Inclusion. Additional funding from the German Ministry of Education and Research, the Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science, the U.S. National Institute on Aging (U01 AG09740-13S2, P01 AG005842, P01 AG08291, P30 AG12815, R21 AG025169, Y1-AG-4553-01, IAG BSR06-11, OGHA 04-064, HHSN271201300071C) and from various national funding sources is gratefully acknowledged (see www.share-project.org).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 - IOS Press. All rights reserved.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - BACKGROUND: Despite the actual demographic trends and the global burden of cardiovascular diseases, there is little knowledge concerning the effects of retirement on this health outcome. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to quantify the associations between retirement, and retirement age, with cardiovascular disease (heart disease and stroke) in the Portuguese population. METHODS: We used data from the first Portuguese wave of the Survey of Health Ageing and Retirement in Europe. Logistic regression was applied to quantify the associations. The major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and several features of retirement were considered as possible confounders or effect modifiers. Analysis was restricted to retirees in retirement process (retired for 5 years or less) and not retired because of illness. RESULTS: An opposite direction of the association between retirement and heart disease was observed according to hypertension status, although not significant. Early retirement increased the odds of having a stroke, merely in individuals without heart disease (OR = 8.87; 95% CI 1.63-48.26). On the contrary, in individuals with heart disease, decreased the odds of having a stroke (OR = 0.08; 95% CI 0.01-0.68). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that retirement and retirement age may be beneficial or harmful, respectively, in the presence or absence of major risk factors for heart disease and stroke. We suggest that work-related stress affecting differently workers with and without these risk factors may eventually explain these findings.
AB - BACKGROUND: Despite the actual demographic trends and the global burden of cardiovascular diseases, there is little knowledge concerning the effects of retirement on this health outcome. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to quantify the associations between retirement, and retirement age, with cardiovascular disease (heart disease and stroke) in the Portuguese population. METHODS: We used data from the first Portuguese wave of the Survey of Health Ageing and Retirement in Europe. Logistic regression was applied to quantify the associations. The major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and several features of retirement were considered as possible confounders or effect modifiers. Analysis was restricted to retirees in retirement process (retired for 5 years or less) and not retired because of illness. RESULTS: An opposite direction of the association between retirement and heart disease was observed according to hypertension status, although not significant. Early retirement increased the odds of having a stroke, merely in individuals without heart disease (OR = 8.87; 95% CI 1.63-48.26). On the contrary, in individuals with heart disease, decreased the odds of having a stroke (OR = 0.08; 95% CI 0.01-0.68). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that retirement and retirement age may be beneficial or harmful, respectively, in the presence or absence of major risk factors for heart disease and stroke. We suggest that work-related stress affecting differently workers with and without these risk factors may eventually explain these findings.
KW - epidemiology
KW - Heart diseases
KW - retirement
KW - stroke
KW - work
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85133101801&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3233/WOR-205224
DO - 10.3233/WOR-205224
M3 - Article
C2 - 35527592
AN - SCOPUS:85133101801
SN - 1051-9815
VL - 72
SP - 577
EP - 586
JO - Work
JF - Work
IS - 2
ER -