TY - JOUR
T1 - The increasing threat to European forests from the invasive foliar pine pathogen, Lecanosticta acicola
AU - Tubby, K.
AU - Adamčikova, K.
AU - Adamson, K.
AU - Akiba, M.
AU - Barnes, I.
AU - Boroń, P.
AU - Bragança, H.
AU - Bulgakov, T.
AU - Burgdorf, N.
AU - Capretti, P.
AU - Cech, T.
AU - Cleary, M.
AU - Davydenko, K.
AU - Drenkhan, R.
AU - Elvira-Recuenco, M.
AU - Enderle, R.
AU - Gardner, J.
AU - Georgieva, M.
AU - Ghelardini, L.
AU - Husson, C.
AU - Iturritxa, E.
AU - Markovskaja, S.
AU - Mesanza, N.
AU - Ogris, N.
AU - Oskay, F.
AU - Piškur, B.
AU - Queloz, V.
AU - Raitelaitytė, K.
AU - Raposo, R.
AU - Soukainen, M.
AU - Strasser, L.
AU - Vahalík, P.
AU - Vester, M.
AU - Mullett, M.
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by the Euphresco project BROWNSPOTRISK, Forest Research, Britain (K. Tubby), Estonian Science Foundation grant PRG1615, Polish Ministry of Education and Science, statutory research mechanism (P. Boroń), the framework of the State Task of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Federal Research Center ”Subtropical Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences“, the research theme № FGRW-2022-0006 (T. Bulgakov), the Ministry of Agriculture, Regions and Tourism, Stubenring 1, 1010 Vienna, Austria (T. Cech), the Swedish Research Council Formas Grant 021-01119 (M. Cleary), the Ministry of Rural Affairs of Estonia (R. Drenkhan), the National Science Program ‘Environmental Protection and and Reduction of Risks of Adverse Events and Natural Disasters’, supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of Bulgaria, Agreement D01-279/03.12.2021 (M. Georgieva), the Tuscany Region (Agreement for cooperation between the Regional Phytosanitary Service and the Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Forest Sciences and Technologies University of Florence) and the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (grant No 771271) (L. Ghelardini & P. Capretti), the Institute of Botany, Nature Research Centre, Žaliųjų Ežerų St. 47, Lt-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania (S. Markovskaja and K.a Raitelaitytė), the Slovenian Research Agency programme P4-0107 and the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food of Republic of Slovenia (N. Ogris & B. Piškur) and the Swiss Federal Office for the Environment (grant to V. Queloz).
Funding Information:
This study was supported by the Euphresco project BROWNSPOTRISK, Forest Research, Britain (K. Tubby), Estonian Science Foundation grant PRG1615, Polish Ministry of Education and Science, statutory research mechanism (P. Boroń), the framework of the State Task of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Federal Research Center ”Subtropical Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences“, the research theme № FGRW-2022-0006 (T. Bulgakov), the Ministry of Agriculture, Regions and Tourism, Stubenring 1, 1010 Vienna, Austria (T. Cech), the Swedish Research Council Formas Grant 021-01119 (M. Cleary), the Ministry of Rural Affairs of Estonia (R. Drenkhan), the National Science Program ‘Environmental Protection and and Reduction of Risks of Adverse Events and Natural Disasters’, supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of Bulgaria, Agreement D01-279/03.12.2021 (M. Georgieva), the Tuscany Region (Agreement for cooperation between the Regional Phytosanitary Service and the Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Forest Sciences and Technologies University of Florence) and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (grant No 771271) (L. Ghelardini & P. Capretti), the Institute of Botany, Nature Research Centre, Žaliųjų Ežerų St. 47, Lt-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania (S. Markovskaja and K.a Raitelaitytė), the Slovenian Research Agency programme P4-0107 and the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food of Republic of Slovenia (N. Ogris & B. Piškur) and the Swiss Federal Office for the Environment (grant to V. Queloz).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors
PY - 2023/5/15
Y1 - 2023/5/15
N2 - European forests are threatened by increasing numbers of invasive pests and pathogens. Over the past century, Lecanosticta acicola, a foliar pathogen predominantly of Pinus spp., has expanded its range globally, and is increasing in impact. Lecanosticta acicola causes brown spot needle blight, resulting in premature defoliation, reduced growth, and mortality in some hosts. Originating from southern regions of North American, it devastated forests in the USA's southern states in the early twentieth century, and in 1942 was discovered in Spain. Derived from Euphresco project ‘Brownspotrisk,’ this study aimed to establish the current distribution of Lecanosticta species, and assess the risks of L. acicola to European forests. Pathogen reports from the literature, and new/ unpublished survey data were combined into an open-access geo-database (http://www.portalofforestpathology.com), and used to visualise the pathogen's range, infer its climatic tolerance, and update its host range. Lecanosticta species have now been recorded in 44 countries, mostly in the northern hemisphere. The type species, L. acicola, has increased its range in recent years, and is present in 24 out of the 26 European countries where data were available. Other species of Lecanosticta are largely restricted to Mexico and Central America, and recently Colombia. The geo-database records demonstrate that L. acicola tolerates a wide range of climates across the northern hemisphere, and indicate its potential to colonise Pinus spp. forests across large swathes of the Europe. Preliminary analyses suggest L. acicola could affect 62% of global Pinus species area by the end of this century, under climate change predictions. Although its host range appears slightly narrower than the similar Dothistroma species, Lecanosticta species were recorded on 70 host taxa, mostly Pinus spp., but including, Cedrus and Picea spp. Twenty-three, including species of critical ecological, environmental and economic significance in Europe, are highly susceptible to L. acicola, suffering heavy defoliation and sometimes mortality. Variation in apparent susceptibility between reports could reflect variation between regions in the hosts’ genetic make-up, but could also reflect the significant variation in L. acicola populations and lineages found across Europe. This study served to highlight significant gaps in our understanding of the pathogen's behaviour. Lecanosticta acicola has recently been downgraded from an A1 quarantine pest to a regulated non quarantine pathogen, and is now widely distributed across Europe. With a need to consider disease management, this study also explored global BSNB strategies, and used Case Studies to summarise the tactics employed to date in Europe.
AB - European forests are threatened by increasing numbers of invasive pests and pathogens. Over the past century, Lecanosticta acicola, a foliar pathogen predominantly of Pinus spp., has expanded its range globally, and is increasing in impact. Lecanosticta acicola causes brown spot needle blight, resulting in premature defoliation, reduced growth, and mortality in some hosts. Originating from southern regions of North American, it devastated forests in the USA's southern states in the early twentieth century, and in 1942 was discovered in Spain. Derived from Euphresco project ‘Brownspotrisk,’ this study aimed to establish the current distribution of Lecanosticta species, and assess the risks of L. acicola to European forests. Pathogen reports from the literature, and new/ unpublished survey data were combined into an open-access geo-database (http://www.portalofforestpathology.com), and used to visualise the pathogen's range, infer its climatic tolerance, and update its host range. Lecanosticta species have now been recorded in 44 countries, mostly in the northern hemisphere. The type species, L. acicola, has increased its range in recent years, and is present in 24 out of the 26 European countries where data were available. Other species of Lecanosticta are largely restricted to Mexico and Central America, and recently Colombia. The geo-database records demonstrate that L. acicola tolerates a wide range of climates across the northern hemisphere, and indicate its potential to colonise Pinus spp. forests across large swathes of the Europe. Preliminary analyses suggest L. acicola could affect 62% of global Pinus species area by the end of this century, under climate change predictions. Although its host range appears slightly narrower than the similar Dothistroma species, Lecanosticta species were recorded on 70 host taxa, mostly Pinus spp., but including, Cedrus and Picea spp. Twenty-three, including species of critical ecological, environmental and economic significance in Europe, are highly susceptible to L. acicola, suffering heavy defoliation and sometimes mortality. Variation in apparent susceptibility between reports could reflect variation between regions in the hosts’ genetic make-up, but could also reflect the significant variation in L. acicola populations and lineages found across Europe. This study served to highlight significant gaps in our understanding of the pathogen's behaviour. Lecanosticta acicola has recently been downgraded from an A1 quarantine pest to a regulated non quarantine pathogen, and is now widely distributed across Europe. With a need to consider disease management, this study also explored global BSNB strategies, and used Case Studies to summarise the tactics employed to date in Europe.
KW - Brown spot needle blight
KW - Climate change
KW - Emerging and invasive pathogens
KW - Forest conservation
KW - Forest health protection
KW - Forest management
KW - Mycosphaerella dearnessii
KW - Pinus
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85151414973&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.foreco.2023.120847
DO - 10.1016/j.foreco.2023.120847
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85151414973
SN - 0378-1127
VL - 536
JO - Forest Ecology And Management
JF - Forest Ecology And Management
M1 - 120847
ER -