TY - JOUR
T1 - The associations between psychotic experiences, and substance use and substance use disorders
T2 - Findings from the World Health Organisation World Mental Health Surveys
AU - Degenhardt, Louisa
AU - Saha, Sukanta
AU - Lim, Carmen C W
AU - Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio
AU - Al-Hamzawi, Ali
AU - Alonso, Jordi
AU - Andrade, Laura H
AU - Bromet, Evelyn J
AU - Bruffaerts, Ronny
AU - Caldas-de-Almeida, José M
AU - de Girolamo, Giovanni
AU - Florescu, Silvia
AU - Gureje, Oye
AU - Haro, Josep M
AU - Karam, Elie G
AU - Karam, Georges
AU - Kovess-Masfety, Viviane
AU - Lee, Sing
AU - Lepine, Jean-Pierre
AU - Makanjuola, Victor
AU - Medina-Mora, Maria E
AU - Mneimneh, Zeina
AU - Navarro-Mateu, Fernando
AU - Piazza, Marina
AU - Posada-Villa, José
AU - Sampson, Nancy A
AU - Scott, Kate M
AU - Stagnaro, Juan C
AU - Ten Have, Margreet
AU - Kendler, Kenneth S
AU - Kessler, Ronald C
AU - McGrath, John J
AU - WHO World Mental Health Survey Collaborators
N1 - This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
PY - 2018/5
Y1 - 2018/5
N2 - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Prior research has found bidirectional associations between psychotic experiences (PEs), and selected substance use disorders. We aimed to extend this research by examining the bidirectional association between PEs, and various types of substance use (SU), and substance use disorders (SUDs), and the influence of antecedent mental disorders on these associations.DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND MEASUREMENTS: We used data from the World Health Organisation World Mental Health surveys. A total of 30,902 adult respondents across 18 countries were assessed for (a) six types of lifetime PEs, (b) a range of types of SU and DSM-IV SUDs, and (c) mental disorders using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Discrete-time survival analyses based on retrospective age-at-onset reports examined the bidirectional associations between PEs and SU/SUDs controlling for antecedent mental disorders.FINDINGS: After adjusting for demographics, comorbid SU/SUDs and antecedent mental disorders, those with prior alcohol use disorders (OR=1.6, 95% CI=1.2-2.0), extra-medical prescription drug use (OR=1.5, 95% CI=1.1-1.9), alcohol use (OR=1.4, 95% CI=1.1-1.7), and tobacco use (OR=1.3, 95% CI=1.0-1.8) had increased odds of subsequent first onset of PEs. In contrast, those with temporally prior PEs had increased odds of subsequent onset of tobacco use (OR=1.5, 95% CI=1.2-1.9), alcohol use (OR=1.3, 95% CI=1.1-1.6) or cannabis use (OR=1.3, 95% CI=1.0-1.5) as well as of all substance use disorders (ORs ranged between 1.4 and 1.5). There was a dose response relationship between both count and frequency of PEs and increased subsequent odds of selected SU/SUDs.CONCLUSIONS: Associations between psychotic experiences (PEs) and substance use/substance use disorders (SU/SUDs) are often bidirectional, but not all types of SU/SUDs are associated with PEs. These findings suggest that it is important to be aware of the presence of PEs within those with SUDs or at risk of SUDs, given the plausibility that they may each impact upon the other.
AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Prior research has found bidirectional associations between psychotic experiences (PEs), and selected substance use disorders. We aimed to extend this research by examining the bidirectional association between PEs, and various types of substance use (SU), and substance use disorders (SUDs), and the influence of antecedent mental disorders on these associations.DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND MEASUREMENTS: We used data from the World Health Organisation World Mental Health surveys. A total of 30,902 adult respondents across 18 countries were assessed for (a) six types of lifetime PEs, (b) a range of types of SU and DSM-IV SUDs, and (c) mental disorders using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Discrete-time survival analyses based on retrospective age-at-onset reports examined the bidirectional associations between PEs and SU/SUDs controlling for antecedent mental disorders.FINDINGS: After adjusting for demographics, comorbid SU/SUDs and antecedent mental disorders, those with prior alcohol use disorders (OR=1.6, 95% CI=1.2-2.0), extra-medical prescription drug use (OR=1.5, 95% CI=1.1-1.9), alcohol use (OR=1.4, 95% CI=1.1-1.7), and tobacco use (OR=1.3, 95% CI=1.0-1.8) had increased odds of subsequent first onset of PEs. In contrast, those with temporally prior PEs had increased odds of subsequent onset of tobacco use (OR=1.5, 95% CI=1.2-1.9), alcohol use (OR=1.3, 95% CI=1.1-1.6) or cannabis use (OR=1.3, 95% CI=1.0-1.5) as well as of all substance use disorders (ORs ranged between 1.4 and 1.5). There was a dose response relationship between both count and frequency of PEs and increased subsequent odds of selected SU/SUDs.CONCLUSIONS: Associations between psychotic experiences (PEs) and substance use/substance use disorders (SU/SUDs) are often bidirectional, but not all types of SU/SUDs are associated with PEs. These findings suggest that it is important to be aware of the presence of PEs within those with SUDs or at risk of SUDs, given the plausibility that they may each impact upon the other.
KW - Journal Article
U2 - 10.1111/add.14145
DO - 10.1111/add.14145
M3 - Article
JO - Addiction Biology
JF - Addiction Biology
SN - 1355-6215
ER -