TY - JOUR
T1 - The association of milk and dairy consumption with iodine status in pregnant women in Oporto region
AU - Ferreira, Pedro
AU - Pinheiro, Cátia
AU - Matta Coelho, Cláudia
AU - Guimarães, Juliana
AU - Pereira, Gonçalo
AU - Xavier Moreira, Nara
AU - Cortez, Alice
AU - Bracchi, Isabella
AU - Pestana, Diogo
AU - Barreiros Mota, Inês
AU - Prucha, Carmo
AU - Martins, Cristina
AU - Alves Ribeiro, Célia
AU - Pinto, Edgar
AU - Almeida, Agostinho
AU - Delerue-Matos, Cristina
AU - Montenegro, Nuno
AU - Dias, Cláudia Camila
AU - Moreira-Rosário, André
AU - Azevedo, Luís Filipe
AU - Brantsæter, Anne Lise
AU - Ramalho, Carla
AU - Cruz Fernandes, Virgínia
AU - Calhau, Conceição
AU - Costa Leite, João
AU - Keating, Elisa
PY - 2021/11/14
Y1 - 2021/11/14
N2 - The role of milk and dairy products in supplying iodine to pregnant women is unknown in Portugal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between milk and dairy consumption and the iodine status of pregnant women in the IoMum cohort of the Oporto region. Pregnant women were recruited between 10 and 13 weeks of gestation, when they provided a spot urine sample and information on lifestyle and intake of iodine-rich foods. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. A total of 468 pregnant women (269 iodine supplement users and 199 non-supplement users) were considered eligible for analysis. Milk (but not yoghurt or cheese) intake was associated with UIC, in the whole population (p = 0.02) and in the non-supplement users (p = 0.002), but not in the supplement users (p = 0.29). In non-supplement users, adjusted multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that milk consumption < 3 times a month was associated with a 5 times increased risk of having UIC < 50 μg/L when compared to milk consumption ≥ 2 times a day (OR = 5.4; 95% CI: 1.55-18.78; p = 0.008). The highest UIC was observed in supplement users who reported consuming milk once a day (160 μg/L). Milk, but not yoghurt or cheese, was positively associated with iodine status of pregnant women. Despite the observed positive association, daily milk consumption may not be sufficient to ensure adequate iodine intake in this population.
AB - The role of milk and dairy products in supplying iodine to pregnant women is unknown in Portugal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between milk and dairy consumption and the iodine status of pregnant women in the IoMum cohort of the Oporto region. Pregnant women were recruited between 10 and 13 weeks of gestation, when they provided a spot urine sample and information on lifestyle and intake of iodine-rich foods. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. A total of 468 pregnant women (269 iodine supplement users and 199 non-supplement users) were considered eligible for analysis. Milk (but not yoghurt or cheese) intake was associated with UIC, in the whole population (p = 0.02) and in the non-supplement users (p = 0.002), but not in the supplement users (p = 0.29). In non-supplement users, adjusted multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that milk consumption < 3 times a month was associated with a 5 times increased risk of having UIC < 50 μg/L when compared to milk consumption ≥ 2 times a day (OR = 5.4; 95% CI: 1.55-18.78; p = 0.008). The highest UIC was observed in supplement users who reported consuming milk once a day (160 μg/L). Milk, but not yoghurt or cheese, was positively associated with iodine status of pregnant women. Despite the observed positive association, daily milk consumption may not be sufficient to ensure adequate iodine intake in this population.
KW - dairy products
KW - Iodine status
KW - milk
KW - pregnancy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85099542917&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1017/S000711452100009X
DO - 10.1017/S000711452100009X
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85099542917
VL - 126
SP - 1314
EP - 1322
JO - British Journal Of Nutrition
JF - British Journal Of Nutrition
SN - 0007-1145
IS - 9
ER -