Staphylococcus aureus: a model for bacterial cell biology and pathogenesis

Staphylococcus aureus has emerged as an important model organism in bacterial cell biology and pathogenesis due to its clinical relevance, genetic versatility, and adaptability. This review explores how S. aureus has contributed to advances in the fields of bacterial cell wall synthesis and cell division, particularly due to its minimal cell wall synthesis machinery and simple spherical shape. S. aureus has also been fundamental in antimicrobial resistance studies, particularly due to the increasing threat of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus strains. Furthermore, S. aureus’ dual lifestyle as both a commensal and a pathogen has provided key insights into host–microbe interactions, biofilm formation, and immune evasion strategies. This review underscores the importance of continued research on S. aureus as a basis for the development of novel antimicrobial strategies and vaccine approaches.