TY - JOUR
T1 - Sensitivities of three tropical indigenous freshwater invertebrates to single and mixture exposures of diuron and carbofuran and their commercial formulations
AU - Rocha, Odete
AU - Neto, Antônio José Gazonato
AU - dos Santos Lima, Júlio César
AU - Freitas, Emanuela Cristina
AU - Miguel, Mariana
AU - da Silva Mansano, Adrislaine
AU - Moreira, Raquel Aparecida
AU - Daam, Michiel Adriaan
N1 - info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/5876/147274/PT#
SFRH/BPD/109199/2015
MEC/MCTI/CAPES/CNPq/FAPs reference 402392/2013-2
PY - 2018/9/1
Y1 - 2018/9/1
N2 - As compared to their temperate counterparts, few toxicity tests have been conducted so far into the evaluation of the sensitivity of indigenous tropical species to pesticides. Especially mixture toxicity assessments appear to be scarce. To contribute to increase our knowledge in this arena, we evaluated the acute toxicity of diuron and carbofuran and their mixtures to the neotropical oligochaetes Allonais inaequalis and Dero furcatus, and the ostracod Strandesia trispinosa. Tests were performed with both the pure active ingredients, as well as their formulated products. The toxicity of the latter to the three test organisms was generally greater than that of the pure active ingredients, although absolute differences were rather small. The sensitivity of the indigenous species was slightly greater than temperate test species from the same taxonomic groups. The concentration addition conceptual model best described the results of the mixture toxicity data. Derived deviations of this model appeared to be dependent on the test organism and as to whether the pesticides were applied as active ingredients or their commercial products. Reported field concentrations of the two pesticides indicate risks to freshwater biota, especially if they are both present. The test species used in the present study are concluded to be suitable candidates as surrogate test organisms in local pesticide risk evaluations.
AB - As compared to their temperate counterparts, few toxicity tests have been conducted so far into the evaluation of the sensitivity of indigenous tropical species to pesticides. Especially mixture toxicity assessments appear to be scarce. To contribute to increase our knowledge in this arena, we evaluated the acute toxicity of diuron and carbofuran and their mixtures to the neotropical oligochaetes Allonais inaequalis and Dero furcatus, and the ostracod Strandesia trispinosa. Tests were performed with both the pure active ingredients, as well as their formulated products. The toxicity of the latter to the three test organisms was generally greater than that of the pure active ingredients, although absolute differences were rather small. The sensitivity of the indigenous species was slightly greater than temperate test species from the same taxonomic groups. The concentration addition conceptual model best described the results of the mixture toxicity data. Derived deviations of this model appeared to be dependent on the test organism and as to whether the pesticides were applied as active ingredients or their commercial products. Reported field concentrations of the two pesticides indicate risks to freshwater biota, especially if they are both present. The test species used in the present study are concluded to be suitable candidates as surrogate test organisms in local pesticide risk evaluations.
KW - Acute toxicity
KW - Aquatic ecotoxicology
KW - Oligochaete
KW - Ostracod
KW - Pesticide mixtures
KW - Tropics
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85045727228&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s10646-018-1921-9
DO - 10.1007/s10646-018-1921-9
M3 - Article
C2 - 29679314
AN - SCOPUS:85045727228
SN - 0963-9292
VL - 27
SP - 834
EP - 844
JO - Ecotoxicology
JF - Ecotoxicology
IS - 7
ER -