Abstract
Background: Elemental and semi-elemental formulas are used to feed infants with short bowel syndrome, who may not be able to tolerate feeds of more than 310 mOsm kg-1. The present study aimed to measure the osmolality of elemental and semi-elemental formulas at different concentrations, with and without the addition of nonprotein energy supplements. Methods: The osmolality of one elemental and three semi-elemental formulas was measured by the freezing point depression method at concentrations of 10, 12, 14 and 16 gper 100 mL, with and without 10% or 20% of additional calories, in the form of glucose polymers and medium chain triglycerides. Inter-analysis and intra-analysis coefficients of variation of the measurements were less than 3.9%. Results: The mean osmolalities of formulas reconstituted up to 12 g per 100 mL did not exceed 305.3 mOsm kg-1, even with added energy supplements. The mean osmolalities of formulas at 14 and 16 g per 100 mL, with or without added energy supplements varied between 205.8 and 421.6 mOsm kg-1. Conclusions: A comprehensive list of elemental and semi-elemental formulas at different concentrations, enriched or not with calories, is made available. This will enable professionals to customize feeds with the optimum composition, without exceeding the osmolality suggested for infants with short bowel syndrome.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 584-590 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics |
| Volume | 21 |
| Issue number | 6 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2008 |
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Keywords
- Elemental formula
- Glucose polymers
- Medium chain triglycerides
- Osmolality
- Semi-elemental formulas
- Short bowel syndrome
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Osmolality of elemental and semi-elemental formulas supplemented with nonprotein energy supplements. / Pereira-da-Silva, Luis; Pitta-Grós Dias, M.; Virella, D.; Serelha, M.
In: Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol. 21, No. 6, 2008, p. 584-590.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
TY - JOUR
T1 - Osmolality of elemental and semi-elemental formulas supplemented with nonprotein energy supplements
AU - Pereira-da-Silva, Luis
AU - Pitta-Grós Dias, M.
AU - Virella, D.
AU - Serelha, M.
PY - 2008
Y1 - 2008
N2 - Background: Elemental and semi-elemental formulas are used to feed infants with short bowel syndrome, who may not be able to tolerate feeds of more than 310 mOsm kg-1. The present study aimed to measure the osmolality of elemental and semi-elemental formulas at different concentrations, with and without the addition of nonprotein energy supplements. Methods: The osmolality of one elemental and three semi-elemental formulas was measured by the freezing point depression method at concentrations of 10, 12, 14 and 16 gper 100 mL, with and without 10% or 20% of additional calories, in the form of glucose polymers and medium chain triglycerides. Inter-analysis and intra-analysis coefficients of variation of the measurements were less than 3.9%. Results: The mean osmolalities of formulas reconstituted up to 12 g per 100 mL did not exceed 305.3 mOsm kg-1, even with added energy supplements. The mean osmolalities of formulas at 14 and 16 g per 100 mL, with or without added energy supplements varied between 205.8 and 421.6 mOsm kg-1. Conclusions: A comprehensive list of elemental and semi-elemental formulas at different concentrations, enriched or not with calories, is made available. This will enable professionals to customize feeds with the optimum composition, without exceeding the osmolality suggested for infants with short bowel syndrome.
AB - Background: Elemental and semi-elemental formulas are used to feed infants with short bowel syndrome, who may not be able to tolerate feeds of more than 310 mOsm kg-1. The present study aimed to measure the osmolality of elemental and semi-elemental formulas at different concentrations, with and without the addition of nonprotein energy supplements. Methods: The osmolality of one elemental and three semi-elemental formulas was measured by the freezing point depression method at concentrations of 10, 12, 14 and 16 gper 100 mL, with and without 10% or 20% of additional calories, in the form of glucose polymers and medium chain triglycerides. Inter-analysis and intra-analysis coefficients of variation of the measurements were less than 3.9%. Results: The mean osmolalities of formulas reconstituted up to 12 g per 100 mL did not exceed 305.3 mOsm kg-1, even with added energy supplements. The mean osmolalities of formulas at 14 and 16 g per 100 mL, with or without added energy supplements varied between 205.8 and 421.6 mOsm kg-1. Conclusions: A comprehensive list of elemental and semi-elemental formulas at different concentrations, enriched or not with calories, is made available. This will enable professionals to customize feeds with the optimum composition, without exceeding the osmolality suggested for infants with short bowel syndrome.
KW - Elemental formula
KW - Glucose polymers
KW - Medium chain triglycerides
KW - Osmolality
KW - Semi-elemental formulas
KW - Short bowel syndrome
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=56149101079&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2008.00897.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2008.00897.x
M3 - Article
VL - 21
SP - 584
EP - 590
JO - Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics
JF - Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics
SN - 0952-3871
IS - 6
ER -