TY - JOUR
T1 - Onchocerciasis caused by Onchocerca lupi
T2 - an emerging zoonotic infection. Systematic review
AU - Grácio, António J Santos
AU - Richter, Joachim
AU - Komnenou, Anastasia Th
AU - Grácio, Maria Amélia
N1 - PMID: 25990062
WOS:000356801700001
PY - 2015/5/20
Y1 - 2015/5/20
N2 - Globalization has increased circulation of people, their food, livestock and pets in the world, and changes in the environment, climate and human behaviour have led to the rapid expansion of emerging infections throughout the world. One of the reasons of a new pathogen affecting humans is the passage from an animal to a human being. Onchocerca (O.) lupi, a filarial worm first described in a wolf in 1967, is an emerging pathogen which has been incriminated as the etiological agent for 205 canine, 2 feline and 18 human infections in Europe, Tunisia, Turkey, Iran and the USA. Most frequent findings in animals and humans are monolateral or asymmetrical variably painful subconjunctival swellings and nodules containing immature or mature worms affecting the eye and/or adjacent tissues accompanied by conjunctival hyperemia. Occasionally, subcutaneous nodules and masses affecting the spinal cord have been observed in humans. Diagnosis of O. lupi is achieved by microscopy of excised adult female worms which exhibit a particular cuticular structure and molecular analysis. Treatment consists in worm removal accompanied by antihelminthic, antibiotic and anti-inflammatory therapy.
AB - Globalization has increased circulation of people, their food, livestock and pets in the world, and changes in the environment, climate and human behaviour have led to the rapid expansion of emerging infections throughout the world. One of the reasons of a new pathogen affecting humans is the passage from an animal to a human being. Onchocerca (O.) lupi, a filarial worm first described in a wolf in 1967, is an emerging pathogen which has been incriminated as the etiological agent for 205 canine, 2 feline and 18 human infections in Europe, Tunisia, Turkey, Iran and the USA. Most frequent findings in animals and humans are monolateral or asymmetrical variably painful subconjunctival swellings and nodules containing immature or mature worms affecting the eye and/or adjacent tissues accompanied by conjunctival hyperemia. Occasionally, subcutaneous nodules and masses affecting the spinal cord have been observed in humans. Diagnosis of O. lupi is achieved by microscopy of excised adult female worms which exhibit a particular cuticular structure and molecular analysis. Treatment consists in worm removal accompanied by antihelminthic, antibiotic and anti-inflammatory therapy.
KW - Blackflies
KW - Cats
KW - Dogs
KW - Ocular disease
KW - Ocular lesions
KW - Onchocerca lupi
KW - Onchocerca spp
KW - Onchocerciasis
KW - Simuliidae
KW - Vectors
KW - Wolbachia sp
KW - Zoonosis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84932191768&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00436-015-4535-7
DO - 10.1007/s00436-015-4535-7
M3 - Review article
C2 - 25990062
AN - SCOPUS:84932191768
SN - 0932-0113
VL - 114
SP - 2401
EP - 2413
JO - Parasitology Research
JF - Parasitology Research
IS - 7
ER -