@article{4a228d2a7cb84eb9ac97b6f0bf438f9d,
title = "Non-miotic improvement in binocular near vision with a topical compound formula for presbyopia correction",
abstract = "Introduction: The aim of this case series was to examine the association between unaided binocular visual acuity for near vision and pupil change after the instillation of a special topical formulation for presbyopia treatment. Methods: This was a case series consisting of consecutive participants with presbyopia aged 40–70 years who were tested for visual acuity and pupil diameter before and 2 h after instillation of a formulation of pilocarpine and phenylephrine drops (FOV Tears) for presbyopia. Participants underwent subjective refraction, photopic and scotopic pupil diameter measurement and unaided monocular and binocular visual acuity testing by logMAR for distance and near vision both pre- and post-instillation of eye drops. Results: The study enrolled 363 subjects (n = 176 women, 48%) with a mean (± standard deviation) age of 50.4 ± 5.8 years. Mean spherical equivalent (SE) changed significantly (− 0.17 Diopters) after instillation of the FOV Tears formulation (p < 0.001). Post-instillation of eye drops, the scotopic pupil diameter decreased by 0.97 ± 0.98 mm, and the near visual acuity by logMAR improved significantly by nearly two lines (p < 0.01). In the linear regression analyses, age (p < 0.001) and SE pre-drop instillation (p < 0.001) were associated with unaided binocular visual acuity. The changes in photopic pupil diameter and the scotopic pupil diameter were not associated with unaided binocular visual acuity. Conclusions: The use of the pilocarpine and phenylephrine formulation (FOV Tears) improved binocular visual acuity for near vision in presbyopic patients, and the effect was independent of pupil change.",
keywords = "Near visual acuity, Phenylephrine, Pilocarpine, Presbyopia, Pupil diameter",
author = "Felipe Vejarano and Jorge Ali{\'o} and Rafael Iribarren and Carla Lan{\c c}a",
note = "Funding Information: The authors thank Mohammad Hassan Emamian (Iran) for providing data on unaided visual acuity and testing illumination levels from the Shahroud Eye Cohort Study. This research was supported by the Red Tem{\'a}tica de Investigaci{\'o}n Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS), reference number RD16/0008/0012, the Instituto de Salud Carlos III and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), {\textquoteleft}A way to make Europe{\textquoteright}. The sponsor or funding organization had no role in the design or conduct of this research. No funding or sponsorship was received for the publication of this article. Felipe Vejarano contributed to the conception and design of the study. Rafael Iribarren and Carla Lan{\c c}a performed the data analyses. Felipe Vejarano Rafael Iribarren and Carla Lan{\c c}a wrote the manuscript. Jorge Ali{\'o} revised the original versions. All authors approved the final manuscript. Felipe Vejarano owns the patent for the FOV Tears formulation. Jorge Ali{\'o}, Rafael Iribarren and Carla Lan{\c c}a have no conflict of interests to declare. The protocol of the study adhered to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki of 1964 and it subsequent amendments and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Vejarano Ophthalmological Foundation in Colombia. Informed consent was obtained from the subjects after explanation of the nature and possible consequences of the study. The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Funding Information: This research was supported by the Red Tem{\'a}tica de Investigaci{\'o}n Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS), reference number RD16/0008/0012, the Instituto de Salud Carlos III and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), {\textquoteleft}A way to make Europe{\textquoteright}. The sponsor or funding organization had no role in the design or conduct of this research. No funding or sponsorship was received for the publication of this article. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023, The Author(s).",
year = "2023",
month = apr,
doi = "10.1007/s40123-023-00648-6",
language = "English",
volume = "12",
pages = "1013--1024",
journal = "Ophthalmology and Therapy",
issn = "2193-8245",
publisher = "Springer",
number = "2",
}