Les muqarnas dans la Méditerranée médiévale depuis l'époque almoravide jusqu'à la fin du XV^e siècle

This paper presents the identification and characterization of ensembles of muqarnas in medieval Mediterranean art (12th-15th centuries). Muqarnas is a decorative pattern used in Oriental Islamic art from the ninth century onwards. Throughout the following centuries of the Middle Ages, it was employed in architectonical ornamentation in different Mediterranean societies. Using spatial modelling of muqarnas and its geolocation and geospatialization within different parts or sub-assemblies of a building, we analyze the role of the Almoravids as the disseminators and developers of this decorative pattern in Western Islamic art. We also analyze the real impact of this art throughout the Mediterranean basin during the last centuries of the Middle Age.