TY - JOUR
T1 - Modifications in floral morphology of Coffea spp. genotypes at two distinct elevations
AU - Silva, Larícia Olária Emerick
AU - Rodrigues, Maria Juliete Lucindo
AU - Ferreira, Márcia Flores da Silva
AU - de Almeida, Rafael Nunes
AU - Ramalho, José Cochicho
AU - Rakocevic, Miroslava
AU - Partelli, Fábio Luiz
N1 - Funding Information:
Authors appreciate the support done by farmer Júlio Aguiar in the logistic of experimentation. We thank to Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e Inovação do Espírito Santo - FAPES (Proc. 2022-WTZQP for FLP and Proc. 2022-M465D for MR), and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico – CNPq (Proc. 309535/2021–2 for FLP), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – CAPES (Proc. 88882.385374/2019–01 for LOES and Proc. 88887.822691/2023–00 MJLR). Support from Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia I.P. Portugal, through the units CEF (UID/04129/2020), GeoBioTec (UIDP/04035/2020), and the Associate Laboratory TERRA (LA/P/0092/2020) to JCR are also greatly acknowledged.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Elsevier GmbH
PY - 2024/1
Y1 - 2024/1
N2 - Floral traits are influenced by elevation in various species, but no information is available for the Coffea canephora and C. arabica. It was hypothesized that: 1) number of stamens and petals can vary depending on the species and genotype within the same species; 2) variations in the morphological traits occur in response to the difference in elevation, 3) greater variability in flower morphology among C. canephora genotypes is expressed at high- than at low-elevation, due to environmental pressure, and 4) the changes in floral morphology due to alterations in elevation are more pronounced in C. canephora than in C. arabica. This study aimed to investigate the G × E interaction for morphological traits of coffee flowers and, based in genetic parameters estimation, explore the potential use of these traits in breeding programs. Experiment comprised of coffee plantations under full sun of both species at two elevations. The number of petals and stamens varied between five and six in C. canephora. At two elevations, Beira Rio 8 (C. canephora) genotype stood out for presenting the highest averages for all size traits related to corolla, and stigmatic lobes. The variability in floral morphology among C. canephora genotypes was not greater at high- than at low- elevation. Overall, flower size of all studied C. canephora and C. arabica genotypes was larger at low- than at high-elevation, but the stigmatic lobes length, the ratio between stigmatic lobe length and style length, and partially the ratio between anther length and stamen length were greater at high-elevation. C. arabica flowers were smaller and mostly irresponsive to elevation, in contrast with C. canephora flowers. There was a significant genotype by environment interaction for seven out of the nine traits, with a predominance of complex-type interactions. Conducting studies on morphological traits of flowers at a greater number of environments with distinct elevations can provide better insights into the potential use of these traits in studies of adaptability and stability of Coffea spp. genotypes to different environmental conditions, contributing to genetic improvement efforts to achieve resilience of coffee cultivation in the scenarios of climate change.
AB - Floral traits are influenced by elevation in various species, but no information is available for the Coffea canephora and C. arabica. It was hypothesized that: 1) number of stamens and petals can vary depending on the species and genotype within the same species; 2) variations in the morphological traits occur in response to the difference in elevation, 3) greater variability in flower morphology among C. canephora genotypes is expressed at high- than at low-elevation, due to environmental pressure, and 4) the changes in floral morphology due to alterations in elevation are more pronounced in C. canephora than in C. arabica. This study aimed to investigate the G × E interaction for morphological traits of coffee flowers and, based in genetic parameters estimation, explore the potential use of these traits in breeding programs. Experiment comprised of coffee plantations under full sun of both species at two elevations. The number of petals and stamens varied between five and six in C. canephora. At two elevations, Beira Rio 8 (C. canephora) genotype stood out for presenting the highest averages for all size traits related to corolla, and stigmatic lobes. The variability in floral morphology among C. canephora genotypes was not greater at high- than at low- elevation. Overall, flower size of all studied C. canephora and C. arabica genotypes was larger at low- than at high-elevation, but the stigmatic lobes length, the ratio between stigmatic lobe length and style length, and partially the ratio between anther length and stamen length were greater at high-elevation. C. arabica flowers were smaller and mostly irresponsive to elevation, in contrast with C. canephora flowers. There was a significant genotype by environment interaction for seven out of the nine traits, with a predominance of complex-type interactions. Conducting studies on morphological traits of flowers at a greater number of environments with distinct elevations can provide better insights into the potential use of these traits in studies of adaptability and stability of Coffea spp. genotypes to different environmental conditions, contributing to genetic improvement efforts to achieve resilience of coffee cultivation in the scenarios of climate change.
KW - Coffea arabica
KW - Coffea canephora
KW - Corolla diameter
KW - Floral traits
KW - Genetic variability
KW - Petal number
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85181100972&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.flora.2023.152443
DO - 10.1016/j.flora.2023.152443
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85181100972
SN - 0367-2530
VL - 310
JO - Flora: Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants
JF - Flora: Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants
M1 - 152443
ER -
