TY - JOUR
T1 - Meta-analysis of the global distribution of clinically relevant CYP2C8 alleles and their inferred functional consequences
AU - Camara, Mahamadou D.
AU - Zhou, Yitian
AU - De Sousa, Taís Nóbrega
AU - Gil, José P.
AU - Djimde, Abdoulaye A.
AU - Lauschke, Volker M.
N1 - Funding Information:
Open access funding provided by Karolinska Institute. The work received funding from the Swedish Research Council [Grant Nos. 2021-02801 and 2023-03015], Cancerfonden [Grant No. 23-0763PT] and from the Robert Bosch Foundation, Stuttgart, Germany. MDC and AAD are supported in part by the South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) with funds received from Novartis and GSK R&D for Project Africa GRADIENT (RCA# 3000038516). This study is part of the EDCTP2 programme supported by the European Union (Grant No. RIA2017T-2018 WANECAM-2).
Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2024.
PY - 2024/12
Y1 - 2024/12
N2 - Background: CYP2C8 is responsible for the metabolism of 5% of clinically prescribed drugs, including antimalarials, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory drugs. Genetic variability is an important factor that influences CYP2C8 activity and modulates the pharmacokinetics, efficacy and safety of its substrates. Results: We profiled the genetic landscape of CYP2C8 variability using data from 96 original studies and data repositories that included a total of 33,185 unrelated participants across 44 countries and 43 ethnic groups. The reduced function allele CYP2C8*2 was most common in West and Central Africa with frequencies of 16–36.9%, whereas it was rare in Europe and Asia (< 2%). In contrast, CYP2C8*3 and CYP2C8*4 were common throughout Europe and the Americas (6.9–19.8% for *3 and 2.3–7.5% for *4), but rare in African and East Asian populations. Importantly, we observe pronounced differences (> 2.3-fold) between neighboring countries and even between geographically overlapping populations. Overall, we found that 20–60% of individuals in Africa and Europe carry at least one CYP2C8 allele associated with reduced metabolism and increased adverse event risk of the anti-malarial amodiaquine. Furthermore, up to 60% of individuals of West African ancestry harbored variants that reduced the clearance of pioglitazone, repaglinide, paclitaxel and ibuprofen. In contrast, reduced function alleles are only found in < 2% of East Asian and 8.3–12.8% of South and West Asian individuals. Conclusions: Combined, the presented analyses mapped the genetic and inferred functional variability of CYP2C8 with high ethnogeographic resolution. These results can serve as a valuable resource for CYP2C8 allele frequencies and distribution estimates of CYP2C8 phenotypes that could help identify populations at risk upon treatment with CYP2C8 substrates. The high variability between ethnic groups incentivizes high-resolution pharmacogenetic profiling to guide precision medicine and maximize its socioeconomic benefits, particularly for understudied populations with distinct genetic profiles.
AB - Background: CYP2C8 is responsible for the metabolism of 5% of clinically prescribed drugs, including antimalarials, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory drugs. Genetic variability is an important factor that influences CYP2C8 activity and modulates the pharmacokinetics, efficacy and safety of its substrates. Results: We profiled the genetic landscape of CYP2C8 variability using data from 96 original studies and data repositories that included a total of 33,185 unrelated participants across 44 countries and 43 ethnic groups. The reduced function allele CYP2C8*2 was most common in West and Central Africa with frequencies of 16–36.9%, whereas it was rare in Europe and Asia (< 2%). In contrast, CYP2C8*3 and CYP2C8*4 were common throughout Europe and the Americas (6.9–19.8% for *3 and 2.3–7.5% for *4), but rare in African and East Asian populations. Importantly, we observe pronounced differences (> 2.3-fold) between neighboring countries and even between geographically overlapping populations. Overall, we found that 20–60% of individuals in Africa and Europe carry at least one CYP2C8 allele associated with reduced metabolism and increased adverse event risk of the anti-malarial amodiaquine. Furthermore, up to 60% of individuals of West African ancestry harbored variants that reduced the clearance of pioglitazone, repaglinide, paclitaxel and ibuprofen. In contrast, reduced function alleles are only found in < 2% of East Asian and 8.3–12.8% of South and West Asian individuals. Conclusions: Combined, the presented analyses mapped the genetic and inferred functional variability of CYP2C8 with high ethnogeographic resolution. These results can serve as a valuable resource for CYP2C8 allele frequencies and distribution estimates of CYP2C8 phenotypes that could help identify populations at risk upon treatment with CYP2C8 substrates. The high variability between ethnic groups incentivizes high-resolution pharmacogenetic profiling to guide precision medicine and maximize its socioeconomic benefits, particularly for understudied populations with distinct genetic profiles.
KW - Allele frequency
KW - Amodiaquine
KW - Drug metabolism
KW - Pharmacogenetics
KW - Precision medicine
KW - Seasonal malaria chemoprevention
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85190841746&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1186/s40246-024-00610-y
DO - 10.1186/s40246-024-00610-y
M3 - Article
C2 - 38650020
AN - SCOPUS:85190841746
SN - 1473-9542
VL - 18
JO - Human Genomics
JF - Human Genomics
IS - 1
M1 - 40
ER -