Abstract
Baleias, peixes-boi e tartarugas (de água doce e marinhas) estão entre as espécies aquáticas mais valorizadas pelos colonos e exploradores europeus do Atlântico ao longo do período moderno. No processo de contato com a ecologia tropical, com base numa perceção de abundância e de recursos inesgotáveis, estes animais foram selecionados como recursos de subsistência, mas também mercantilizados pelos europeus. Isso aconteceu, muitas vezes, com base na observação da sua utilização e captura pelas sociedades locais para fins de alimentação, transformação em utensílios, ou como elementos integrantes das suas práticas religiosas e culturais. Neste trabalho, iremos abordar algumas das questões da exploração local de recursos aquáticos, construídas sobre perceções locais e indígenas e transformadas pelas estruturas coloniais da época moderna. É discutido o caso de manatins e de tartarugas para a América Central e do Sul a partir das fontes históricas, principalmente, para os impérios ibéricos. Assim, mostramos como os animais aquáticos têm sido sistematicamente apropriados, explorados, transformados e mercantilizados, deixando adivinhar algumas das implicações sociais, políticas, econômicas e ambientais para o Atlântico moderno. Estas interações e relações pré-industriais de longa distância, que designamos como teleconexões oceânicas, são sustentadas na utilização e extrações de animais e impactos em ecossistemas do mar aberto, zonas costeiras e estuarinas.
Whales, manatees and (freshwater and marine) turtles are among the aquatic species most valued by european settlers and explorers of the Atlantic throughout the early modern period. While contacting with a tropical ecology, based on a perception of abundance and inexhaustible resources, these animals were selected as subsistence resources, but also commercialized by Europeans. These practices were acquired, often, based on the observation of their use and capture by local societies for food, to make utensils, or as an integral part of their religious and cultural practices. In this paper, we will address some of the issues of the local exploitation of aquatic resources, built on local and indigenous perceptions and transformed by the colonial structures of the early modern era. We will discuss the case of manatees and turtles for Central and South America from historical sources, mainly for the Iberian empires. In this way, we show how aquatic animals have been systematically appropriated, exploited, transformed and commodified, hinting at some of the social, political, economic and environmental implications for the early modern Atlantic. These long-distance pre-industrial interactions and relationships, the so-called oceanic teleconnections, are underpinned by the utilization and extraction of animals with impacts on open sea, coastal and estuarine ecosystems.
Whales, manatees and (freshwater and marine) turtles are among the aquatic species most valued by european settlers and explorers of the Atlantic throughout the early modern period. While contacting with a tropical ecology, based on a perception of abundance and inexhaustible resources, these animals were selected as subsistence resources, but also commercialized by Europeans. These practices were acquired, often, based on the observation of their use and capture by local societies for food, to make utensils, or as an integral part of their religious and cultural practices. In this paper, we will address some of the issues of the local exploitation of aquatic resources, built on local and indigenous perceptions and transformed by the colonial structures of the early modern era. We will discuss the case of manatees and turtles for Central and South America from historical sources, mainly for the Iberian empires. In this way, we show how aquatic animals have been systematically appropriated, exploited, transformed and commodified, hinting at some of the social, political, economic and environmental implications for the early modern Atlantic. These long-distance pre-industrial interactions and relationships, the so-called oceanic teleconnections, are underpinned by the utilization and extraction of animals with impacts on open sea, coastal and estuarine ecosystems.
Original language | Portuguese |
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Article number | e29 |
Pages (from-to) | 1-23 |
Number of pages | 23 |
Journal | Anais Do Museu Paulista |
Volume | 32 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2024 |
Keywords
- Aquatic Fauna and Systems
- Environmental Impacts
- Marine Environmental History
- South America
- Uses and practices