@article{1d7921c4b8aa4554b92f9e8629df9ee0,
title = "In-situ hot forging directed energy deposition-arc of CuAl8 alloy",
abstract = "CuAl8 alloy finds applications in industrial components, where a good anti-corrosion and anti-wearing properties are required. The alloy has a medium strength and a good toughness with an elongation to fracture at room temperature of about 40%. Additionally, it has a good electrical conductivity, though lower than that of pure Al or pure Cu. Despite these characteristics, additive manufacturing of the CuAl8 alloy was not yet reported. In this work, the direct energy deposition-arc (DED-arc) with and without in-situ hot forging was used to determine the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties. No internal defects were seen on the parts produced. Hot forging combined with DED-arc was seen to reduce and homogenize the grain size, improve mechanical strength and isotropy of mechanical properties. Moreover, the use of this novel DED-arc variant was seen to reduce the magnitude of residual stresses throughout the fabricated part. We highlight that this alloy can be processed by DED-arc, and the hot forging operation concomitant with the material deposition has beneficial effects on the microstructure refinement and homogenization.",
keywords = "CuAl8 alloy, Directed energy deposition-arc, Forging, Grain refining, Viscoplastic deformation",
author = "Duarte, {Valdemar R.} and Rodrigues, {Tiago A.} and N. Schell and Miranda, {R. M.} and Oliveira, {J. P.} and Santos, {Telmo G.}",
note = "Funding Information: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UID%2FEMS%2F00667%2F2019/PT# info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/OE/SFRH%2FBD%2F139454%2F2018/PT# info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/OE/SFRH%2FBD%2F144202%2F2019/PT# info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/OE/SFRH%2FBD%2F144202%2F2019/PT# info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F50025%2F2020/PT# Authors acknowledge the Portuguese Funda{\c c}{\~a}o para a Ci{\^e}ncia e a Tecnologia ( FCT - MCTES ) for its financial support via the project UID/EMS/00667/2019 (UNIDEMI). VD acknowledges Portuguese Funda{\c c}{\~a}o para a Ci{\^e}ncia e a Tecnologia ( FCT - MCTES ) for funding the PhD grant SFRH/BD/139454/2018 . TAR acknowledges Portuguese Funda{\c c}{\~a}o para a Ci{\^e}ncia e a Tecnologia ( FCT - MCTES ) for funding the PhD grant SFRH/BD/144202/2019 . Funding of CENIMAT/i3N by national funds through the Portuguese Funda{\c c}{\~a}o para a Ci{\^e}ncia e a Tecnologia, I.P., within the scope of Multiannual Financing of R&D Units , reference UIDB/50025/2020–2023 is also acknowledge. This activity has received funding from the European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT) Raw Materials through the project Smart WAAM: Microstructural Engineering and Integrated Non-Destructive Testing. This body of the European Union receives support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme. Parts of this research were carried out at PETRA III at DESY, a member of the Helmholtz Association. The research leading to this result has been supported by the project CALIPSOplus under the Grant Agreement 730872 from the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation HORIZON 2020 . This project has received funding from the EU-H2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 654360 having benefitted from the access provided by PETRA III at DESY in Hamburg, Germany within the framework of the NFFA-Europe Transnational Access Activity. The authors acknowledge support by OCAS NV and GUARENTEED via Joachim Antonissen. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Elsevier B.V.",
year = "2022",
month = jul,
doi = "10.1016/j.addma.2022.102847",
language = "English",
volume = "55",
journal = "Additive Manufacturing",
issn = "2214-8604",
publisher = "Elsevier",
}