Hydromechanical analysis of gravity dam foundations

A fully coupled hydromechanical analysis of the water flow through the rock mass discontinuities of three hypothetical gravity dams of different height was carried out. It was assumed that the dams had similar rock mass foundations, and 2D discontinuous models were developed and analysed with the coupled model for dam foundation analysis Parmac2D-Fflow. This paper presents the results of studies done to analyse the influence that the model geometry and the aperture of foundation discontinuities have on the numerical discharges and hydraulic heads. Analysis was done assuming different behaviour scenarios: i) linear elastic and ii) non-linear behavior at the concrete/rock and rock/rock interfaces. Additionally, results obtained during cycles of filling and emptying the reservoir were used to establish the influence lines of the hydrostatic pressure on recorded discharges. The relevance of using fracture flow models of dam foundation rock masses that take into account the coupled hydromechanical behavior is highlighted.