Glycemic control is independently associated with rapid progression of coronary atherosclerosis in the absence of a baseline coronary plaque burden: a retrospective case–control study from the PARADIGM registry

Ki Bum Won, Byoung Kwon Lee, Fay Y. Lin, Martin Hadamitzky, Yong Jin Kim, Ji Min Sung, Edoardo Conte, Daniele Andreini, Gianluca Pontone, Matthew J. Budoff, Ilan Gottlieb, Eun Ju Chun, Filippo Cademartiri, Erica Maffei, Hugo Marques, Pedro de Araújo Gonçalves, Jonathon A. Leipsic, Sang Eun Lee, Sanghoon Shin, Jung Hyun ChoiRenu Virmani, Habib Samady, Kavitha Chinnaiyan, Daniel S. Berman, Jagat Narula, Leslee J. Shaw, Jeroen J. Bax, James K. Min, Hyuk Jae Chang

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

5 Citations (Scopus)
23 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Background: The baseline coronary plaque burden is the most important factor for rapid plaque progression (RPP) in the coronary artery. However, data on the independent predictors of RPP in the absence of a baseline coronary plaque burden are limited. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the predictors for RPP in patients without coronary plaques on baseline coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) images. Methods: A total of 402 patients (mean age: 57.6 ± 10.0 years, 49.3% men) without coronary plaques at baseline who underwent serial coronary CCTA were identified from the Progression of Atherosclerotic Plaque Determined by Computed Tomographic Angiography Imaging (PARADIGM) registry and included in this retrospective study. RPP was defined as an annual change of ≥ 1.0%/year in the percentage atheroma volume (PAV). Results: During a median inter-scan period of 3.6 years (interquartile range: 2.7–5.0 years), newly developed coronary plaques and RPP were observed in 35.6% and 4.2% of the patients, respectively. The baseline traditional risk factors, i.e., advanced age (≥ 60 years), male sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and current smoking status, were not significantly associated with the risk of RPP. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the serum hemoglobin A1c level (per 1% increase) measured at follow-up CCTA was independently associated with the annual change in the PAV (β: 0.098, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.048–0.149; P < 0.001). The multiple logistic regression models showed that the serum hemoglobin A1c level had an independent and positive association with the risk of RPP. The optimal predictive cut-off value of the hemoglobin A1c level for RPP was 7.05% (sensitivity: 80.0%, specificity: 86.7%; area under curve: 0.816 [95% CI: 0.574–0.999]; P = 0.017). Conclusion: In this retrospective case–control study, the glycemic control status was strongly associated with the risk of RPP in patients without a baseline coronary plaque burden. This suggests that regular monitoring of the glycemic control status might be helpful for preventing the rapid progression of coronary atherosclerosis irrespective of the baseline risk factors. Further randomized investigations are necessary to confirm the results of our study. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02803411.

Original languageEnglish
Article number239
JournalCardiovascular Diabetology
Volume21
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Dec 2022

Keywords

  • Coronary artery disease
  • Coronary computed tomography angiography
  • Hemoglobin A1c
  • Progression

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Glycemic control is independently associated with rapid progression of coronary atherosclerosis in the absence of a baseline coronary plaque burden: a retrospective case–control study from the PARADIGM registry'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this