Globalization and foreign policy in Southern Europe: a short introduction

Globalization is one of the most important social phenomena in the contemporary world, shaping all dimensions of societal life. However, both among globalization theory as well as foreign policy (FP) studies (and FPA, in particular), the impact of globalization on the state, the effects of political globalization and the transformations it brings to FP have been understood as (not so relevant) contextual elements, described in a generic way or even completely excluded from those research fields and interests. Nevertheless, the particular characteristics in which FP activities are developed render essential, rather than ignoring the state and its external action, to strengthen its study seeking to assess the scope, nature and impact of globalization on its international activity. Following a brief overview on the interaction between globalization theory and FP, as well as between FP studies and globalization, we will explore the analysis model, analysing these challenges on two different levels. Firstly, the impact of globalization in FP: the higher relevance of multilateral or bilateral relations; the identification of certain problems (threats/risks) as global, and requiring a global response; and (growing?) influence/involvement of other actors in the decision in FP at the national level. Secondly, the greater role played by global governance (GG) in FP issues: to identify the (growing?) influence/involvement of other actors in the implementation of FP, or decision in GG structures; the influence of multiple levels of governance in FP; an increase in temporary coalitions, and greater adaptation to the international environment; and shaping GG structures as a FP goal. We are particularly interested in the characteristics and implications of some core prerogatives of our theoretical framework, as well as the limitations and possible solutions to the challenges that studying globalization and the contemporary foreign policy of Southern European countries poses. Our claim is that FP studies could be rendered more valuable and specific if they adapt to include globalization in its studies as a relevant variable, particularly if they do so in a systematic and comparative fashion.