Familial parathyroid tumours—comparison of clinical profiles between syndromes

A. A. Figueiredo, A. Saramago, B. M. Cavaco, J. Simões-Pereira, V. Leite

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5 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Introduction: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) caused by parathyroid tumours is mostly sporadic, with a genetic cause identified in 5–10% of cases. Familial parathyroid tumours can be included in complex syndromes, such as multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 1, 2A and 4 or hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumour syndrome (HPT-JT). Objective: Characterisation of the familial parathyroid tumours followed-up at our centre and comparison of the different clinicopathological manifestations between the syndromes. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 48 patients with familial parathyroid tumours harbouring RET (n = 11), CDC73 (n = 20) and MEN1 (n = 17) germline mutations was performed. Results: Cases of PHPT in MEN2A syndrome presented with lower serum PTH (sPTH) and serum calcium (sCa) levels at diagnosis (sPTH = 108.0 (IQR 53.3) pg/mL, sCa = 10.6 ± 1.1 mg/dL) than MEN1 (sPTH = 196.9 (IQR 210.5) pg/mL, sCa = 11.7 ± 1.2 mg/dL) (p = 0.01, p = 0.03, respectively) or HPT-JT cases (sPTH = 383.5 (IQR 775.8) pg/mL, sCa = 12.9 ± 1.8 mg/dL) (p = 0.01; p < 0.001, respectively). There was a statistical difference in sCa levels between MEN1 and HPT-JT (p = 0.02), but not between sPTH (p = 0.07). The predominant first manifestation of the syndrome in MEN1 was gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumour (GEP-NET) in 47.1% of the cases, in MEN2A was medullary thyroid cancer (90.9%) and in HPT-JT was PHPT in 85% patients. In MEN1 syndrome, the number of affected parathyroid glands was significantly higher than in MEN2A (p < 0.001) and HPT-JT (p = 0.01). Conclusion: The first manifestation of the syndrome in MEN1 cases was GEP-NET and not PHPT. Although presenting at similar ages, patients with MEN2A exhibit less severe biochemical and clinical PHPT at diagnosis than the other familial syndromes.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1799 - 1806
JournalJournal of Endocrinological Investigation
Volume46
Issue number9
Early online date2023
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Sept 2023

Keywords

  • Familial primary hyperparathyroidism
  • Hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumour
  • Multiple endocrine neoplasia
  • Parathyroid tumour

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