Abstract
A Escola Camões é um emblemático exemplo da arquitetura escolar e ferroviária portuguesa do século XX. Inaugurada em 1928 e funcionando até 2008, a escola é também um testemunho da evolução urbana, industrial e social do Entroncamento. Mantendo a função educativa ao longo de quase um século, foi-se alterando e transformando de acordo com as diferentes necessidades formativas que cumpriu, até ser abandonada, sofrendo então perdas patrimoniais significativas. Este artigo apresenta o resumo dos trabalhos de prospeção e levantamento aí realizados para documentar e preservar o património material e imaterial da escola. Utilizando metodologias de arqueologia da arquitetura e análise estratigráfica, o estudo envolveu levantamento detalhado, história oral, pesquisa biobibliográfica e análise de transformações do edifício ao longo do tempo. Os resultados destacam seis fases-chave na história da escola, desde a sua construção até ao período de abandono, revelando as alterações estruturais e funcionais que ocorreram em cada uma, contribuindo para a compreensão do impacto do tempo e das mudanças sociais neste património.
The Camões School is an emblematic example of Portuguese school and railway ar-chitecture from the 20th century. Opened in 1928 and operational until 2008, the school is also a testament to the urban, industrial, and social evolution of Entroncamento. Main-taining its educational function for nearly a century, it underwent changes and transfor-mations to meet the various educational needs it served until it was abandoned, suffering significant heritage losses. This article presents a summary of the archaeological survey and investigation work carried out there to document and preserve the school’s tangible and intangible heritage. Using methodologies from the archaeology of architecture and stratigraphic analysis, the study involved detailed surveying, oral history, bibliographic research, and analysis of the building’s transformations over time. The results highlight six key phases in the school’s history, from its construction to the period of abandon-ment, revealing the structural and functional changes that occurred in each, contributing to the understanding of the impact of time and social changes on architectural heritage.
The Camões School is an emblematic example of Portuguese school and railway ar-chitecture from the 20th century. Opened in 1928 and operational until 2008, the school is also a testament to the urban, industrial, and social evolution of Entroncamento. Main-taining its educational function for nearly a century, it underwent changes and transfor-mations to meet the various educational needs it served until it was abandoned, suffering significant heritage losses. This article presents a summary of the archaeological survey and investigation work carried out there to document and preserve the school’s tangible and intangible heritage. Using methodologies from the archaeology of architecture and stratigraphic analysis, the study involved detailed surveying, oral history, bibliographic research, and analysis of the building’s transformations over time. The results highlight six key phases in the school’s history, from its construction to the period of abandon-ment, revealing the structural and functional changes that occurred in each, contributing to the understanding of the impact of time and social changes on architectural heritage.
| Translated title of the contribution | Camões School, Entroncamento: a palimpsest of archaeology, architecture, and memories |
|---|---|
| Original language | Portuguese |
| Pages (from-to) | 227-254 |
| Number of pages | 28 |
| Journal | Revista de História da Sociedade e da Cultura |
| Volume | 25 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Jul 2025 |
Keywords
- Património Ferroviário
- Arquitectura Escolar
- Levantamento e Documentação
- Salvaguarda Patrimonial
- Arqueologia Industrial
- Industrial Archaeology
- Building Archaeology
- Railway Heritage