Abstract
As pandemias são temas de grande relevância noticiosa, dado o impacto que causam na vida das pessoas. O medo, mortalidade, medidas sanitárias e resposta médica são temas que estão presentes nas notícias sobre a crise epidémica atual. Estas perceções fizeram também parte da enfermidade de 1918-1919. Os dados sobre a Gripe Espanhola apontam para uma mortalidade estimada de entre 50 a 100 milhões de pessoas. Em Portugal, a doença ficou mais conhecida como Gripe Pneumónica ou simplesmente a Pneumónica. atingiu o país em três grandes vagas, começando em maio de 1918, e terminando em 1919. O pico terá sido em outubro de 1918, sendo os números relativos à mortalidade estimados, variando de um cálculo inicial de cerca de 59 mil mortos, e posteriormente recalculado em valores que podem ir até 135 mil vítimas. O estudo das publicações semanárias Ilustração Portuguesa e O Algarve e do diário O Comércio do Porto vai de outubro de 1918 a janeiro de 1919, correspondendo ao pico da pandemia. Através de uma análise quantitativa e de conteúdo, procuramos identificar e interpretar os procedimentos noticiosos usados pelas diferentes publicações na cobertura da gripe pneumónica. Os formatos jornalísticos como género, destaque e valor-notícia fazem parte da metodologia utilizada e são complementados pela identificação de elementos discursivos-padrão, que produzem enquadramentos interpretativos por parte dos leitores.
Pandemics are topics of great newsworthiness, given the impact they have on people’s lives. Fear, mortality, health measures and medical response are subjects present in the news agenda in the current epidemic crisis. These perceptions were also part of the 1918-1919 disease. Data on the Spanish Flu point to an estimated mortality of between 50 and 100 million people. In Portugal, the disease became better known as Pneumonic Flu or simply Pneumonic and it hit the country in three major waves, starting in May 1918, and ending in 1919. The peak was in October 1918, with mortality figures estimated, ranging from an initial number of around 59,000 dead, and later recalculated in amounts that can reach up to 135 thousand victims. This study tackles the weekly publications Ilustração Portuguesa and O Algarve and the daily O Comércio do Porto, from October 1918 to January 1919, corresponding to the peak of the pandemic. Through a quantitative and content analysis, we seek to identify and interpret the news procedures used by these different publications to cover the Pneumonic Flu. The methodological approach considers the categorizations given by journalistic formats such as genre, prominence and newsvalue, complemented by the identification of standard discursive elements, which produce interpretive frameworks on the part of readers.
Pandemics are topics of great newsworthiness, given the impact they have on people’s lives. Fear, mortality, health measures and medical response are subjects present in the news agenda in the current epidemic crisis. These perceptions were also part of the 1918-1919 disease. Data on the Spanish Flu point to an estimated mortality of between 50 and 100 million people. In Portugal, the disease became better known as Pneumonic Flu or simply Pneumonic and it hit the country in three major waves, starting in May 1918, and ending in 1919. The peak was in October 1918, with mortality figures estimated, ranging from an initial number of around 59,000 dead, and later recalculated in amounts that can reach up to 135 thousand victims. This study tackles the weekly publications Ilustração Portuguesa and O Algarve and the daily O Comércio do Porto, from October 1918 to January 1919, corresponding to the peak of the pandemic. Through a quantitative and content analysis, we seek to identify and interpret the news procedures used by these different publications to cover the Pneumonic Flu. The methodological approach considers the categorizations given by journalistic formats such as genre, prominence and newsvalue, complemented by the identification of standard discursive elements, which produce interpretive frameworks on the part of readers.
Translated title of the contribution | Pneumonic Influenza news in the Portuguese press: the cases of the newspapers O Comércio do Porto, O Algarve and the magazine Illustração Portuguesa |
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Original language | Portuguese |
Title of host publication | Para uma história do jornalismo em Portugal III |
Editors | Carla Baptista, Jorge Pedro Sousa, Celiana Azevedo |
Place of Publication | Lisboa |
Publisher | ICNOVA – Instituto de Comunicação da Nova |
Pages | 203-237 |
Number of pages | 34 |
Volume | 3 |
ISBN (Electronic) | 978-989-9048-13-3 |
ISBN (Print) | 978-989-9048-15-7 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2021 |
Keywords
- Gripe pneumónica;
- Pandemia
- Imprensa
- Cobertura jornalística
- Elementos discursivo
- Pneumonic flu
- Pandemic
- News coverage
- Discursive elements