TY - JOUR
T1 - Electrochromic Device Composed of a Di-Urethanesil Electrolyte Incorporating Lithium Triflate and 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride
AU - Gonçalves, Maria Cristina
AU - Pereira, Rui F. P.
AU - Alves, Raquel
AU - Nunes, Sílvia C.
AU - Fernandes, Mariana
AU - Gonçalves, Helena M. R.
AU - Pereira, Sónia
AU - Silva, M. Manuela
AU - Fortunato, Elvira
AU - Rego, Rosa
AU - de Zea Bermudez, Verónica
N1 - info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/5876/136013/PT#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/5876/147255/PT#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/5876/147332/PT#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/SFRH/SFRH%2FBPD%2F87759%2F2012/PT#
UID/QUI/00686/2016
UID/QUI/00686/2018
UID/QUI/00686/2019
PEst-OE/QUI/UI0616/2016
FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER037271
POCI01-0145-FEDER-016884
PTDC/CTM-NAN/0956/2014
SAICTPAC/0032/2015
POCI-01-0145FEDER-016422
POCI-010145-FEDER-030858
PTDC/BTM-MAT/30858/2017
PY - 2020/5/27
Y1 - 2020/5/27
N2 - A di-urethane cross-linked poly(oxyethylene)/silica hybrid matrix [di-urethanesil, d-Ut(600)], synthesized by the sol-gel process, was doped with lithium triflate (LiCF3SO3) and the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim]Cl) ionic liquid. The as-produced xerogel film is amorphous, transparent, flexible, homogeneous, hydrophilic, and has low nanoscale surface roughness. It exhibits an ionic conductivity of 3.64 × 10–6 and 5.00 × 10–4 S cm–1 at 21 and 100°C, respectively. This material was successfully tested as electrolyte in an electrochromic device (ECD) with the glass/ITO/a-WO3/d-Ut(600)10LiCF3SO3[Bmim]Cl/c-NiO/ITO/glass configuration, where a-WO3 and c-NiO stand for amorphous tungsten oxide and crystalline nickel oxide, respectively. The device demonstrated attractive electro-optical performance: fast response times (1–2 s for coloring and 50 s for bleaching), good optical memory [loss of transmittance (T) of only 41% after 3 months, at 555 nm], four mode modulation [bright mode (+3.0 V, T = 77% at 555 nm), semi-bright mode (−1.0 V, T = 60% at 555 nm), dark mode (−1.5 V, T = 38 % at 555 nm), and very dark mode (−2.0 V, T = 11% and −2.5 V, T = 7% at 555 nm)], excellent cycling stability denoting improvement with time, and high coloration efficiency [CEin = −6727 cm2 C–1 (32th cycle) and CEout = +2794 cm2 C–1 (480th cycle), at 555 nm].
AB - A di-urethane cross-linked poly(oxyethylene)/silica hybrid matrix [di-urethanesil, d-Ut(600)], synthesized by the sol-gel process, was doped with lithium triflate (LiCF3SO3) and the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim]Cl) ionic liquid. The as-produced xerogel film is amorphous, transparent, flexible, homogeneous, hydrophilic, and has low nanoscale surface roughness. It exhibits an ionic conductivity of 3.64 × 10–6 and 5.00 × 10–4 S cm–1 at 21 and 100°C, respectively. This material was successfully tested as electrolyte in an electrochromic device (ECD) with the glass/ITO/a-WO3/d-Ut(600)10LiCF3SO3[Bmim]Cl/c-NiO/ITO/glass configuration, where a-WO3 and c-NiO stand for amorphous tungsten oxide and crystalline nickel oxide, respectively. The device demonstrated attractive electro-optical performance: fast response times (1–2 s for coloring and 50 s for bleaching), good optical memory [loss of transmittance (T) of only 41% after 3 months, at 555 nm], four mode modulation [bright mode (+3.0 V, T = 77% at 555 nm), semi-bright mode (−1.0 V, T = 60% at 555 nm), dark mode (−1.5 V, T = 38 % at 555 nm), and very dark mode (−2.0 V, T = 11% and −2.5 V, T = 7% at 555 nm)], excellent cycling stability denoting improvement with time, and high coloration efficiency [CEin = −6727 cm2 C–1 (32th cycle) and CEout = +2794 cm2 C–1 (480th cycle), at 555 nm].
KW - 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride
KW - di-urethanesil
KW - electrochromic device
KW - lithium triflate
KW - sol-gel
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85086155642&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fmats.2020.00139
DO - 10.3389/fmats.2020.00139
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85086155642
SN - 2296-8016
VL - 7
JO - Frontiers in Materials
JF - Frontiers in Materials
M1 - 139
ER -