TY - JOUR
T1 - Ecological risk assessment for metals in sediment and waters from the Brazilian Amazon region
AU - Gomes, Diego Ferreira
AU - da Silva Pinto, Thandy Júnio
AU - Raymundo, Larissa Broggio
AU - da Fontoura Sperandei, Vinicius
AU - Daam, Michiel
AU - Moreira, Raquel Aparecida
AU - Rocha, Odete
N1 - Funding Information:
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F04085%2F2020/PT#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/LA%2FP%2F0121%2F2020/PT#
D.F.G. thanks the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for the financial support process N° (141304/2020–0). M.D. received support from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology ( FCT ) through the strategic projects UIDB/04085/2020 (CENSE) and LA/P/0121/2020 (CHANGE). R.A.M. and T.J.S.P thanks the São Paulo Research Foundation “Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo” ( FAPESP ) for the post-doctoral grant (Process number: 2017/24126–4 and 2022/14293–9, respectivelly), and L.B.R and V.F.S thanks Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior ( CAPES ). The authors would like to thank Maria Betanea Platzer, Julia do Vale and Pedro Henrique de Souza for their support.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2023/12
Y1 - 2023/12
N2 - Pollution by metals is a matter of concern around the world. In recent decades, the high population growth in urban centers has significantly magnified the entry of these pollutants into aquatic ecosystems. The Amazon region, intense migratory flow, gold mining, and industrialization have been considered the main driving forces for increasing metal pollution. Thus, the main aim of this study is to conduct, for the first time, an Ecological Risk Assessment (ERA) based on metal concentrations measured in the sediment and water of several aquatic environments from the Amazon basin, based on the risk quotient values (RQ = measured environmental concentration - MEC/predicted no effect concentration - PNEC). In addition, the metal contamination factor (CF) was estimated. Although metal concentrations in water were generally low, these values were far above the limits established by current national legislation in many areas, showing higher concentrations for the metals Co, Pb, Cr, Cu, and Ni. Concentrations of Mn, Cu, Ba, Pb, Co, Ni, Cr, Zn, Cd, and As were especially high in the sediment for several evaluated environments. The ERA for the water compartment revealed that 56% of the studied areas presented high risk (RQ > 1) for aquatic biota. In the sediment, 66% of the sites presented a high risk and 40% medium risk (RQ = 0.1–1). The CF indicated that 49% of the sampling points had high contamination and only 24%, had low contamination. These results reveal that monitoring studies in the Amazon region, provides important information so that public policies for the preservation of water resources can be strengthened in the Amazon.
AB - Pollution by metals is a matter of concern around the world. In recent decades, the high population growth in urban centers has significantly magnified the entry of these pollutants into aquatic ecosystems. The Amazon region, intense migratory flow, gold mining, and industrialization have been considered the main driving forces for increasing metal pollution. Thus, the main aim of this study is to conduct, for the first time, an Ecological Risk Assessment (ERA) based on metal concentrations measured in the sediment and water of several aquatic environments from the Amazon basin, based on the risk quotient values (RQ = measured environmental concentration - MEC/predicted no effect concentration - PNEC). In addition, the metal contamination factor (CF) was estimated. Although metal concentrations in water were generally low, these values were far above the limits established by current national legislation in many areas, showing higher concentrations for the metals Co, Pb, Cr, Cu, and Ni. Concentrations of Mn, Cu, Ba, Pb, Co, Ni, Cr, Zn, Cd, and As were especially high in the sediment for several evaluated environments. The ERA for the water compartment revealed that 56% of the studied areas presented high risk (RQ > 1) for aquatic biota. In the sediment, 66% of the sites presented a high risk and 40% medium risk (RQ = 0.1–1). The CF indicated that 49% of the sampling points had high contamination and only 24%, had low contamination. These results reveal that monitoring studies in the Amazon region, provides important information so that public policies for the preservation of water resources can be strengthened in the Amazon.
KW - Contamination factor
KW - Freshwater pollution
KW - Legal amazon
KW - Metal ecotoxicology
KW - Risk quotient
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85174466751&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140413
DO - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140413
M3 - Article
C2 - 37844699
AN - SCOPUS:85174466751
SN - 0045-6535
VL - 345
JO - Chemosphere
JF - Chemosphere
M1 - 140413
ER -