TY - JOUR
T1 - Differential
mortality risks associated with PM2.5 components: a multi-country, multi-city study
AU - Masselot, Pierre
AU - Sera, Francesco
AU - Schneider, Rochelle
AU - Kan, Haidong
AU - Lavigne, Éric
AU - Stafoggia, Massimo
AU - Tobias, Aurelio
AU - Chen, Hong
AU - Burnett, Richard T.
AU - Schwartz, Joel
AU - Zanobetti, Antonella
AU - Bell, Michelle L.
AU - Chen, Bing Yu
AU - Guo, Yue Liang Leon
AU - Ragettli, Martina S.
AU - Vicedo-Cabrera, Ana Maria
AU - Åström, Christofer
AU - Forsberg, Bertil
AU - Íñiguez, Carmen
AU - Garland, Rebecca M.
AU - Scovronick, Noah
AU - Madureira, Joana
AU - Nunes, Baltazar
AU - De la Cruz Valencia, César
AU - Diaz, Magali Hurtado
AU - Honda, Yasushi
AU - Hashizume, Masahiro
AU - Ng, Chris Fook Cheng
AU - Samoli, Evangelia
AU - Katsouyanni, Klea
AU - Schneider, Alexandra
AU - Breitner, Susanne
AU - Ryti, Niilo R.I.
AU - Jaakkola, Jouni J.K.
AU - Maasikmets, Marek
AU - Orru, Hans
AU - Guo, Yuming
AU - Ortega, Nicolás Valdés
AU - Correa, Patricia Matus
AU - Tong, Shilu
AU - Gasparrini, Antonio
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Medical Research Council of UK (Grant ID: MR/M022625/1), the Natural Environment Research Council of UK (Grant ID: NE/R009384/1), and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Project Exhaustion (Grant ID: 820655). J.J. was supported by the Academy of Finland (Grant ID: 310372) and EU HORIZON 2020 Project EMERGE (Grant ID: 874990). N.S. is supported by the NIEHS-funded HERCULES Center (P30ES019776).
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
PY - 2022/3/1
Y1 - 2022/3/1
N2 - Background: The association between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and mortality widely differs between as well as within countries. Differences in PM2.5 composition can play a role in modifying the effect estimates, but there is little evidence about which components have higher impacts on mortality. Methods: We applied a 2-stage analysis on data collected from 210 locations in 16 countries. In the first stage, we estimated location-specific relative risks (RR) for mortality associated with daily total PM2.5 through time series regression analysis. We then pooled these estimates in a meta-regression model that included city-specific logratio-transformed proportions of seven PM2.5 components as well as meta-predictors derived from city-specific socio-economic and environmental indicators. Results: We found associations between RR and several PM2.5 components. Increasing the ammonium (NH4+) proportion from 1% to 22%, while keeping a relative average proportion of other components, increased the RR from 1.0063 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 1.0030, 1.0097) to 1.0102 (95% CI = 1.0070, 1.0135). Conversely, an increase in nitrate (NO3-) from 1% to 71% resulted in a reduced RR, from 1.0100 (95% CI = 1.0067, 1.0133) to 1.0037 (95% CI = 0.9998, 1.0077). Differences in composition explained a substantial part of the heterogeneity in PM2.5 risk. Conclusions: These findings contribute to the identification of more hazardous emission sources. Further work is needed to understand the health impacts of PM2.5 components and sources given the overlapping sources and correlations among many components.
AB - Background: The association between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and mortality widely differs between as well as within countries. Differences in PM2.5 composition can play a role in modifying the effect estimates, but there is little evidence about which components have higher impacts on mortality. Methods: We applied a 2-stage analysis on data collected from 210 locations in 16 countries. In the first stage, we estimated location-specific relative risks (RR) for mortality associated with daily total PM2.5 through time series regression analysis. We then pooled these estimates in a meta-regression model that included city-specific logratio-transformed proportions of seven PM2.5 components as well as meta-predictors derived from city-specific socio-economic and environmental indicators. Results: We found associations between RR and several PM2.5 components. Increasing the ammonium (NH4+) proportion from 1% to 22%, while keeping a relative average proportion of other components, increased the RR from 1.0063 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 1.0030, 1.0097) to 1.0102 (95% CI = 1.0070, 1.0135). Conversely, an increase in nitrate (NO3-) from 1% to 71% resulted in a reduced RR, from 1.0100 (95% CI = 1.0067, 1.0133) to 1.0037 (95% CI = 0.9998, 1.0077). Differences in composition explained a substantial part of the heterogeneity in PM2.5 risk. Conclusions: These findings contribute to the identification of more hazardous emission sources. Further work is needed to understand the health impacts of PM2.5 components and sources given the overlapping sources and correlations among many components.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85123973639&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/EDE.0000000000001455
DO - 10.1097/EDE.0000000000001455
M3 - Article
C2 - 34907973
AN - SCOPUS:85123973639
SN - 1044-3983
VL - 33
SP - 167
EP - 175
JO - Epidemiology
JF - Epidemiology
IS - 2
ER -