Abstract
La desinformación es en un fenómeno comunicativo utilizado en el ámbito de la política que está relacionado con el engaño, siendo la polarización una de sus consecuencias. Para que la desinformación desemboque en polarización, el miedo y la inseguridad se posicionan como dos argumentos de importancia, pues con su potencial consiguen llegar a la audiencia con gran efectividad. Por esto, en el presente texto se analiza la desinformación como herramienta para alentar la polarización, estudiando la propaganda política electoral de la extrema derecha en Portugal y España. Para esto, se ha aplicado un análisis retórico, un análisis semiótico y un análisis crítico del discurso a las gráficas publicitarias de Chega y Vox de las elecciones de 2021 de Lisboa y Madrid, respectivamente. Se han obtenido resultados en comparativa, por ejemplo, el posicionamiento de otorgadores de seguridad que tienen ambos partidos. Esta estrategia conlleva que ellos se presenten como la única opción viable para conseguir la deseada seguridad y, por oposición, los otros se identifiquen con la inseguridad y la vulnerabilidad.
Disinformation is a communicative phenomenon used
in politics that is related to deception, with polarisation
being one of its consequences. In order for misinformation to lead to polarisation, fear and insecurity are positioned as two important arguments, as they have the potential to reach the audience with great effectiveness.
For this reason, this text analyses disinformation as a
tool to encourage polarisation, studying the electoral
political propaganda of the extreme right in Portugal
and Spain. For this purpose, a rhetorical, semiotic and
critical discourse analysis of Chega’s and Vox’s advertising graphics for the 2021 elections in Lisbon and
Madrid, the two capitals of both countries, has been
carried out. Results have been obtained in comparison,
for example, the positioning of both parties as security
providers. This strategy means that they present themselves as the only viable option for achieving the desired security and, in opposition, the others as insecurity
and vulnerability.
Disinformation is a communicative phenomenon used
in politics that is related to deception, with polarisation
being one of its consequences. In order for misinformation to lead to polarisation, fear and insecurity are positioned as two important arguments, as they have the potential to reach the audience with great effectiveness.
For this reason, this text analyses disinformation as a
tool to encourage polarisation, studying the electoral
political propaganda of the extreme right in Portugal
and Spain. For this purpose, a rhetorical, semiotic and
critical discourse analysis of Chega’s and Vox’s advertising graphics for the 2021 elections in Lisbon and
Madrid, the two capitals of both countries, has been
carried out. Results have been obtained in comparison,
for example, the positioning of both parties as security
providers. This strategy means that they present themselves as the only viable option for achieving the desired security and, in opposition, the others as insecurity
and vulnerability.
Translated title of the contribution | Desinformation and polarisation in far-right political advertising in Spain and Portugal |
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Original language | Spanish |
Pages (from-to) | 115-132 |
Number of pages | 17 |
Journal | Estudos em Comunicação. Communications Studies |
Issue number | 36 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2023 |
Keywords
- Desinformación
- Polarización
- Propaganda política
- Miedo
- Amenaza
- Esperanza
- Disinformation
- Polarisation
- Political propaganda
- Fear
- Threat
- Hope