Abstract
Os efeitos das alterações climáticas em zonas costeiras têm colocado em evidência a necessidade de adoção de medidas de adaptação no contexto das agendas políticas, a várias escalas de governação. Destes efeitos destacam-se aqueles que decorrem da subida do nível médio do mar e ainda os que estão associados ao aumento da frequência e intensidade de eventos climáticos extremos, aumentando a vulnerabilidade destes territórios. Algo particularmente relevante, na medida em que, para além de distintos valores ecológicos, estas áreas apresentam elevadas concentrações populacionais, tendo subjacente um risco não despiciendo para pessoas e bens. Neste contexto, as medidas de adaptação, no domínio do planeamento e ordenamento do território em áreas litorais de baixa altitude, têm vindo a merecer cada vez maior atenção. Por um lado, devido à exposição direta a que estes territórios estão sujeitos e, por outro lado, devido à pressão exercida pelos stakeholders no sentido de se efetivarem estratégias de adaptação. Não obstante, a consensualização destas estratégias entre as partes interessadas tem-se demonstrando um processo complexo, colocando novos desafios à implementação de políticas de planeamento que visem o aumento da resiliência destes territórios. Com base nestas premissas, procedeu-se à revisão da literatura de forma a perceber as principais razões apontadas às divergências entre os stakeholders, passíveis de gerarem situações de conflito. Complementarmente a esta análise, foram ainda tidas em conta entrevistas a atores-chave no domínio do planeamento e ordenamento do território em zonas costeiras em Portugal. Os resultados obtidos com esta abordagem metodológica sugerem alguma resistência à mudança por parte das comunidades locais. Verificou-se ainda que os métodos associados aos processos participativos nem sempre são considerados os mais adequados. É ainda de referir que o acesso e qualidade da informação são igualmente mencionados como causas geradoras de conflito e, bem assim, de divergência entre as partes.
The effects of climate change on coastal zones have highlighted the need for policy agendas, at various scales of governance, to adopt adaptation measures. Of particular importance are the effects associated with sea level rise, as well as those resulting from the increase in frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, increasing their vulnerability. This is particularly relevant since, in addition to the ecological values coastal zones, these areas have high population concentrations, with a substantial risk to people and property. In this context, adaptation measures in the domain of spatial planning have received increasing attention. On the one hand, this is due to the direct exposure to which these territories are subject to and, on the other hand, to the demands of stakeholders for adaptation strategies, which in some cases are merely limited to defensive measures. Nonetheless, securing consensus among stakeholders over adaptation strategies has been shown to be a complex process, posing new challenges to the implementation of planning policies aimed at increasing resilience. Based on these premises, we undertook a literature review in order to understand the main reasons for divergences between stakeholders which generate situations of conflict. Interviews were also conducted with key stakeholders in the field of planning and land use in coastal areas of Portugal. The results suggest some resistance to change by local communities. The research also found that methods associated with participatory processes are not always considered the most appropriate. Moreover, access to and quality of information were also mentioned as causes of conflict, and therefore, of divergence between the parties.
The effects of climate change on coastal zones have highlighted the need for policy agendas, at various scales of governance, to adopt adaptation measures. Of particular importance are the effects associated with sea level rise, as well as those resulting from the increase in frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, increasing their vulnerability. This is particularly relevant since, in addition to the ecological values coastal zones, these areas have high population concentrations, with a substantial risk to people and property. In this context, adaptation measures in the domain of spatial planning have received increasing attention. On the one hand, this is due to the direct exposure to which these territories are subject to and, on the other hand, to the demands of stakeholders for adaptation strategies, which in some cases are merely limited to defensive measures. Nonetheless, securing consensus among stakeholders over adaptation strategies has been shown to be a complex process, posing new challenges to the implementation of planning policies aimed at increasing resilience. Based on these premises, we undertook a literature review in order to understand the main reasons for divergences between stakeholders which generate situations of conflict. Interviews were also conducted with key stakeholders in the field of planning and land use in coastal areas of Portugal. The results suggest some resistance to change by local communities. The research also found that methods associated with participatory processes are not always considered the most appropriate. Moreover, access to and quality of information were also mentioned as causes of conflict, and therefore, of divergence between the parties.
Translated title of the contribution | Adpatation Challenges in Coastal Zones: The role of stakeholders and the availability of information |
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Original language | Portuguese |
Title of host publication | Proceedings of the 25th APDR Congress |
Place of Publication | Lisboa |
Publisher | APDR - Associação Portuguesa para o Desenvolvimento Regional |
Pages | 72-76 |
Number of pages | 5 |
ISBN (Print) | 978-989-8780-06-5 |
Publication status | Published - 2018 |
Event | 25th APDR Congress: Circular Economy. Urban Metabolism and Regional Development Challenges for a Sustainable Future - Lisboa, Portugal Duration: 5 Jul 2018 → 6 Jul 2018 |
Conference
Conference | 25th APDR Congress: Circular Economy. Urban Metabolism and Regional Development Challenges for a Sustainable Future |
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Country/Territory | Portugal |
City | Lisboa |
Period | 5/07/18 → 6/07/18 |
Keywords
- Adaptação
- Alterações climáticas
- Conflitos
- Resiliência
- Zonas costeiras
- Adaptation
- Climate Change
- Coastal Zones
- Conflicts
- Resilience