TY - JOUR
T1 - Clock drawing test in mild cognitive impairment
T2 - Correlation with cerebral perfusion in single-photon emission computed tomography
AU - Duro, Diana
AU - Cerveira, Pedro
AU - Santiago, Beatriz
AU - Cunha, Maria João
AU - Pedroso De Lima, João Manuel
AU - Botelho, Maria Amalia
AU - Santana, Isabel
PY - 2019/7/1
Y1 - 2019/7/1
N2 - This study aimed to understand the relationship between the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) and decreased blood flow in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, using single-photon emission computed tomography. Method: We characterized regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and the correlation with clinical variables and future conversion to dementia in 94 amnestic MCI patients. Blood perfusion data was correlated with the CDT (quantitative and qualitative scores) in order to evaluate their relationship and usefulness in predicting conversion to dementia. Results: MCI patients displayed reduced rCBF in brain areas including the caudate nucleus; the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes; as well as the cerebral cortex and cerebellum. The decrease in rCBF was higher for patients who later developed dementia. At baseline, CDT scores of these patients correlated with hypoperfusion in cortical and subcortical areas typically affected in Alzheimers disease (AD) median 3 years before developing dementia. CDT total score was significantly correlated with rCBF in the left temporal lobe and the putamen; the analysis of rCBF in Brodmann areas showed significant correlations between the several clock elements (face, numbers, and hands), underlying qualitative errors (stimulus-bound response and conceptual deficit), and rCBF, most significantly in the left inferior temporal gyrus, posterior entorhinal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, left parahippocampal cortex, and left inferior prefrontal gyrus. Conclusions: This study showed that a quantitative score and a qualitative assessment of clock drawing (error analysis) corresponded to dysfunction in AD key areas at an early stage, supporting the CDT utility in the detection of prodromal AD.
AB - This study aimed to understand the relationship between the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) and decreased blood flow in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, using single-photon emission computed tomography. Method: We characterized regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and the correlation with clinical variables and future conversion to dementia in 94 amnestic MCI patients. Blood perfusion data was correlated with the CDT (quantitative and qualitative scores) in order to evaluate their relationship and usefulness in predicting conversion to dementia. Results: MCI patients displayed reduced rCBF in brain areas including the caudate nucleus; the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes; as well as the cerebral cortex and cerebellum. The decrease in rCBF was higher for patients who later developed dementia. At baseline, CDT scores of these patients correlated with hypoperfusion in cortical and subcortical areas typically affected in Alzheimers disease (AD) median 3 years before developing dementia. CDT total score was significantly correlated with rCBF in the left temporal lobe and the putamen; the analysis of rCBF in Brodmann areas showed significant correlations between the several clock elements (face, numbers, and hands), underlying qualitative errors (stimulus-bound response and conceptual deficit), and rCBF, most significantly in the left inferior temporal gyrus, posterior entorhinal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, left parahippocampal cortex, and left inferior prefrontal gyrus. Conclusions: This study showed that a quantitative score and a qualitative assessment of clock drawing (error analysis) corresponded to dysfunction in AD key areas at an early stage, supporting the CDT utility in the detection of prodromal AD.
KW - Brodmann areas
KW - Clock Drawing Test
KW - Mild cognitive impairment
KW - RCBF
KW - SPECT
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85064414281&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1037/neu0000549
DO - 10.1037/neu0000549
M3 - Article
C2 - 30985179
AN - SCOPUS:85064414281
SN - 0894-4105
VL - 33
SP - 617
EP - 632
JO - Neuropsychology
JF - Neuropsychology
IS - 5
ER -