TY - JOUR
T1 - Body Composition Evaluation and Clinical Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk in Patients with Phenylketonuria
AU - Luengo-Pérez, Luis M.
AU - Fernández-Bueso, Mercedes
AU - Ambrojo, Ana
AU - Guijarro, Marta
AU - Ferreira, Ana Cristina
AU - Pereira-da-Silva, Luís
AU - Moreira-Rosário, André
AU - Faria, Ana
AU - Calhau, Conceição
AU - Daly, Anne
AU - MacDonald, Anita
AU - Rocha, Júlio César
PY - 2023/12
Y1 - 2023/12
N2 - Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality worldwide. Patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) may be at increased cardiovascular risk. This review provides an overview of clinical and metabolic cardiovascular risk factors, explores the connections between body composition (including fat mass and ectopic fat) and cardiovascular risk, and examines various methods for evaluating body composition. It particularly focuses on nutritional ultrasound, given its emerging availability and practical utility in clinical settings. Possible causes of increased cardiometabolic risk in PKU are also explored, including an increased intake of carbohydrates, chronic exposure to amino acids, and characteristics of microbiota. It is important to evaluate cardiovascular risk factors and body composition in patients with PKU. We suggest systematic monitoring of body composition to develop nutritional management and hydration strategies to optimize performance within the limits of nutritional therapy.
AB - Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality worldwide. Patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) may be at increased cardiovascular risk. This review provides an overview of clinical and metabolic cardiovascular risk factors, explores the connections between body composition (including fat mass and ectopic fat) and cardiovascular risk, and examines various methods for evaluating body composition. It particularly focuses on nutritional ultrasound, given its emerging availability and practical utility in clinical settings. Possible causes of increased cardiometabolic risk in PKU are also explored, including an increased intake of carbohydrates, chronic exposure to amino acids, and characteristics of microbiota. It is important to evaluate cardiovascular risk factors and body composition in patients with PKU. We suggest systematic monitoring of body composition to develop nutritional management and hydration strategies to optimize performance within the limits of nutritional therapy.
KW - anthropometry
KW - bioelectrical impedance
KW - body composition
KW - body fat
KW - DXA scan
KW - metabolic syndrome
KW - microbioma
KW - phenylketonuria
KW - ultrasound
KW - visceral fat
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85180442291&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/nu15245133
DO - 10.3390/nu15245133
M3 - Review article
C2 - 38140392
AN - SCOPUS:85180442291
SN - 1422-8599
VL - 15
JO - Nutrients
JF - Nutrients
IS - 24
M1 - 5133
ER -
