Abstract
O perspectivismo de Nietzsche defende que o mundo como um todo é “absurdo”, não tem uma meta, um valor, uma finalidade, um sentido, mas não defende que a condução de uma vida humana possa ser outra coisa que não um reger-se por metas, valores, fins, sentidos. Esta distinção é fundamental para que se compreenda que, por um lado, Nietzsche aceita a “verdade do niilismo” — aceita que o mundo é em si mesmo “absurdo”, o mundo não pode ser racionalmente justificado —, mas, por outro, entende que, num determinado tipo de cultura humana, o mundo pode ser justificado “enquanto fenómeno estético”. É esta possibilidade de uma justificação estética do mundo que faz do pensamento de Nietzsche uma “luta contra o niilismo”, na qual não se trata de reduzir todas as metas, valores, fins e sentidos a ilusões subjectivas, mas sim de ousar pensar uma “transvaloração de todos os valores”.
Nietzsche’s perspectivism holds that the world as a whole is “absurd”, has no goal, value, purpose, meaning. But it does not hold that conducting a human life can be anything other than following certain goals, values, purposes, meanings. This distinction is crucial if one wants to understand why Nietzsche accepts the “truth of nihilism” — the world is in itself absurd, the world cannot be rationally justified —, while he also thinks that the, in a certain type of human cultures, the world can be justified “as an aesthetic phenomenon”. That is why his philosophy can be a “struggle against nihilism”, whose aim is not to reduce all goals, values, purposes, and meanings to subjective illusions, but rather to dare think through a “transvaluation of all values
Nietzsche’s perspectivism holds that the world as a whole is “absurd”, has no goal, value, purpose, meaning. But it does not hold that conducting a human life can be anything other than following certain goals, values, purposes, meanings. This distinction is crucial if one wants to understand why Nietzsche accepts the “truth of nihilism” — the world is in itself absurd, the world cannot be rationally justified —, while he also thinks that the, in a certain type of human cultures, the world can be justified “as an aesthetic phenomenon”. That is why his philosophy can be a “struggle against nihilism”, whose aim is not to reduce all goals, values, purposes, and meanings to subjective illusions, but rather to dare think through a “transvaluation of all values
Translated title of the contribution | Aspects of Nihilism in Nietzsche: Naturalism, Perspectivism, and Aesthetic Justification |
---|---|
Original language | Portuguese |
Pages (from-to) | 118-168 |
Number of pages | 51 |
Journal | Revista de Filosofia: Aurora |
Volume | 34 |
Issue number | 62 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2022 |
Keywords
- Aesthetics
- L nietzsche
- Naturalism
- Nihilism
- Perspectivism
- Nietzsche
- Niilismo
- Naturalismo
- Perspectivismo
- Estética