TY - JOUR
T1 - Additively Manufactured Zirconia for Dental Applications with In Situ Color Gradation Control
AU - Theis, Lukas
AU - Duarte, Valdemar
AU - Roque, João C.
AU - Santos, Telmo
AU - Martins, Rui F.
N1 - info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F00667%2F2020/PT#
PY - 2024/6/1
Y1 - 2024/6/1
N2 - The current process for creating zirconia reconstructions for teeth is time-consuming, expensive, and results in tool wear and raw material waste. An alternative method, near-net shape additive manufacturing capable of producing samples with color gradient is presented as an innovative and more efficient solution. A low-cost robocasting system, which enabled the co-extrusion of two different ceramic inks, was designed and developed. Moreover, hydrogel-based ceramic inks, with rheological properties suitable for the present system, containing commercially available Yttria-stabilized zirconia (white and yellow) powders, were produced. Parts of different color shades and color gradients, with a high aspect ratio and good green body stability, were printed. In addition, precise color measurements were carried out, and co-extruded parts were compared with ultraviolet-C photofunctionalized parts. High fractions of binder in green bodies caused distortions in the samples during air drying and upon sintering. Debinding and sintering at 1500 degrees C yielded parts of relatively low density (4.90-5.09 g/cm(3)) and hardness (500 HV10-1100 HV10). A slightly different sintering behavior was observed for parts of different compositions. Density and hardness increased with the fraction of iron oxide-containing ink.
AB - The current process for creating zirconia reconstructions for teeth is time-consuming, expensive, and results in tool wear and raw material waste. An alternative method, near-net shape additive manufacturing capable of producing samples with color gradient is presented as an innovative and more efficient solution. A low-cost robocasting system, which enabled the co-extrusion of two different ceramic inks, was designed and developed. Moreover, hydrogel-based ceramic inks, with rheological properties suitable for the present system, containing commercially available Yttria-stabilized zirconia (white and yellow) powders, were produced. Parts of different color shades and color gradients, with a high aspect ratio and good green body stability, were printed. In addition, precise color measurements were carried out, and co-extruded parts were compared with ultraviolet-C photofunctionalized parts. High fractions of binder in green bodies caused distortions in the samples during air drying and upon sintering. Debinding and sintering at 1500 degrees C yielded parts of relatively low density (4.90-5.09 g/cm(3)) and hardness (500 HV10-1100 HV10). A slightly different sintering behavior was observed for parts of different compositions. Density and hardness increased with the fraction of iron oxide-containing ink.
KW - Yttria-stabilized zirconia
KW - Additive manufacturing
KW - Color gradation
KW - Dental applications
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85196742077&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=nova_api&SrcAuth=WosAPI&KeyUT=WOS:001008896300001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS
U2 - 10.1089/3dp.2023.0006
DO - 10.1089/3dp.2023.0006
M3 - Article
SN - 2329-7662
VL - 11
SP - 1356
EP - 1365
JO - 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing
JF - 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing
IS - 3
ER -