Activities per year
Abstract
O pai de D. Pedro, D. João I, tinha deixado aos filhos e à filha uma forte herança, uma verdadeira utopia, baseada em ideias políticas claras do que considerava dever ser um rei/príncipe. De facto, Portugal tinha acabado de ultrapassar uma guerra muito dura e perigosa contra o seu tradicional e terrível inimigo, Castela, a qual tinha sido imposta à nação pela ambição permanente dos dois primeiros reis Trastâmaras: Enrique II e Juan I. Era o momento certo para estabelecer novas e fortes bases de uma nova era, um novo estilo de ser rei, uma nova dinastia, um novo governo, um novo país, muito mais rico, forte e muito mais desenvolvido.
O Infante D. Pedro era o segundo filho sobrevivente. Era um jovem invulgarmente inteligente e erudito, quer nos autores clássicos, quer cristãos. A sua personalidade era igualmente muito rica: era um bravo soldado, que servira nos exércitos do imperador Sigismundo contra os temíveis e cruéis Otomanos durante dois anos; tinha viajado e visitado a maior parte das cortes europeias durante três anos; em todas tinha sido acolhido com grande respeito e recebido honras invulgares por parte dos reis e dos príncipes estrangeiros, incluindo o papa Martinho V; era sábio e generoso, amado pelo seu povo.
No regresso à pátria, passou pelo reino de Aragão (que também integrava a Catalunha e Valência) e por Castela, onde se apercebeu da contínua ação subversiva dos Infantes de Aragão (filhos de Fernando I de Aragão) contra o rei castelhano Juan II. D. Pedro ficou chocado, ao perceber que esta família, castelhana por nascimento, certamente se tornaria, no futuro, nos mais fortes e perigosos inimigos de Portugal. [Esta ameaça aumentara consideravelmente com o casamento do príncipe D. Duarte, futuro rei, com D. Leonor de Aragão, a mais jovem das irmãs dos muito ambiciosos Infantes de Aragão. No espírito do Infante tornou-se claro que a sociedade portuguesa necessitava urgentemente de incrementar grandes reformas, quer nas suas forças militares, quer na justiça e na administração, quer na economia, quer no ritmo da sua expansão ultramarina, quer no seu nível de educação, sendo cada um destes aspetos considerado como essencial num novo sistema, de acordo com o ideal complexo do que deveria ser um bom governo: era, de facto, o reforço da utopia política que ele, os irmãos e a irmã tinham herdado dos pais (D. João I e a sua rainha inglesa, D. Filipa de Lencastre).]
Nesta comunicação, estudaremos a atividade do príncipe em dois campos: como pedagogo e como político, especialmente durante a sua regência.
Dom Pedro’s father, king D. João I, had left to his sons and to his daughter a very strong heritage, a true utopia, based on clear ideas of what he thought a good king/prince should be. Actually, Portugal had just overcome a very hard and dangerous war against its traditional and fierce enemy, Castilla, which had been imposed to the nation by the permanent greed of the two first Trastámara kings, Enrique II and Juan I. It was the right time to establish new and strong bases of a new era, a new king style, a new dynasty, a new government, a new and much richer, stronger, and more developed country.
The Infante D. Pedro was the king’s second born surviving son. He was an uncommonly intelligent and learned young man, both in classical and Christian authors. His personality was also uncommonly rich: he was a brave soldier, who had served in emperor Sigismund’s armies against the feared and fierce Ottomans for two years; he had travelled and visited most of the European courts for long three years; everywhere he had raised a great respect and received outstanding honours from foreign kings and princes, including pope Martin V; he was wise and generous, and he was loved by his people. In his return voyage to his homeland he passed in Aragon (including Cataluña and Valencia), and Castilla, where he realized the permanent subversive activity of the Infantes of Aragon (Ferdinand I’s children) against king Juan II of Castilla. Dom Pedro was shocked and he realized that this family, Castellans by birth, would surely be the strongest and the most dangerous enemies of Portugal in the future; this menace had greatly been increased by the marriage of prince Edward (the future king) to lady Leonor of Aragon, the youngest sister of the too ambitious Infantes of Aragon. In Dom Pedro’s mind it became clear that the Portuguese society urgently needed to implement great reforms, both in its military forces, in its justice and administration, in economy, in the rhythm of its overseas expansion, in its educational level, every of these features being considered as essential in a new system, according to a complex ideal of what a good government should be. Actually, it was the reinforcement of the political utopia he and his brothers and sister had inherited from their parents (king João I and his English queen, Philippa of Lancaster).
In this talk we will study the prince´s activity in two different fields: as a pedagogue and as a politician, mainly in his regency.
O Infante D. Pedro era o segundo filho sobrevivente. Era um jovem invulgarmente inteligente e erudito, quer nos autores clássicos, quer cristãos. A sua personalidade era igualmente muito rica: era um bravo soldado, que servira nos exércitos do imperador Sigismundo contra os temíveis e cruéis Otomanos durante dois anos; tinha viajado e visitado a maior parte das cortes europeias durante três anos; em todas tinha sido acolhido com grande respeito e recebido honras invulgares por parte dos reis e dos príncipes estrangeiros, incluindo o papa Martinho V; era sábio e generoso, amado pelo seu povo.
No regresso à pátria, passou pelo reino de Aragão (que também integrava a Catalunha e Valência) e por Castela, onde se apercebeu da contínua ação subversiva dos Infantes de Aragão (filhos de Fernando I de Aragão) contra o rei castelhano Juan II. D. Pedro ficou chocado, ao perceber que esta família, castelhana por nascimento, certamente se tornaria, no futuro, nos mais fortes e perigosos inimigos de Portugal. [Esta ameaça aumentara consideravelmente com o casamento do príncipe D. Duarte, futuro rei, com D. Leonor de Aragão, a mais jovem das irmãs dos muito ambiciosos Infantes de Aragão. No espírito do Infante tornou-se claro que a sociedade portuguesa necessitava urgentemente de incrementar grandes reformas, quer nas suas forças militares, quer na justiça e na administração, quer na economia, quer no ritmo da sua expansão ultramarina, quer no seu nível de educação, sendo cada um destes aspetos considerado como essencial num novo sistema, de acordo com o ideal complexo do que deveria ser um bom governo: era, de facto, o reforço da utopia política que ele, os irmãos e a irmã tinham herdado dos pais (D. João I e a sua rainha inglesa, D. Filipa de Lencastre).]
Nesta comunicação, estudaremos a atividade do príncipe em dois campos: como pedagogo e como político, especialmente durante a sua regência.
Dom Pedro’s father, king D. João I, had left to his sons and to his daughter a very strong heritage, a true utopia, based on clear ideas of what he thought a good king/prince should be. Actually, Portugal had just overcome a very hard and dangerous war against its traditional and fierce enemy, Castilla, which had been imposed to the nation by the permanent greed of the two first Trastámara kings, Enrique II and Juan I. It was the right time to establish new and strong bases of a new era, a new king style, a new dynasty, a new government, a new and much richer, stronger, and more developed country.
The Infante D. Pedro was the king’s second born surviving son. He was an uncommonly intelligent and learned young man, both in classical and Christian authors. His personality was also uncommonly rich: he was a brave soldier, who had served in emperor Sigismund’s armies against the feared and fierce Ottomans for two years; he had travelled and visited most of the European courts for long three years; everywhere he had raised a great respect and received outstanding honours from foreign kings and princes, including pope Martin V; he was wise and generous, and he was loved by his people. In his return voyage to his homeland he passed in Aragon (including Cataluña and Valencia), and Castilla, where he realized the permanent subversive activity of the Infantes of Aragon (Ferdinand I’s children) against king Juan II of Castilla. Dom Pedro was shocked and he realized that this family, Castellans by birth, would surely be the strongest and the most dangerous enemies of Portugal in the future; this menace had greatly been increased by the marriage of prince Edward (the future king) to lady Leonor of Aragon, the youngest sister of the too ambitious Infantes of Aragon. In Dom Pedro’s mind it became clear that the Portuguese society urgently needed to implement great reforms, both in its military forces, in its justice and administration, in economy, in the rhythm of its overseas expansion, in its educational level, every of these features being considered as essential in a new system, according to a complex ideal of what a good government should be. Actually, it was the reinforcement of the political utopia he and his brothers and sister had inherited from their parents (king João I and his English queen, Philippa of Lancaster).
In this talk we will study the prince´s activity in two different fields: as a pedagogue and as a politician, mainly in his regency.
Translated title of the contribution | The Avis utopia in the Infante Dom Pedro’s writings and political action |
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Original language | Portuguese |
Publisher | Triplov |
Media of output | Online |
Publication status | Published - 2022 |
Event | 3ª. Conferência Internacional Ética, Política e Cultura: Utopias - CAN - NOVA FCSH, Lisboa, Portugal Duration: 5 Dec 2019 → 6 Dec 2019 |
Keywords
- Utopia
- Bom governo
- Defesa nacional
- Pedagogia
- Good governance
- National defense
- Pedagogy
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3ª. Conferência Internacional Ética, Política e Cultura
Antonio Manuel de Andrade Moniz (Invited speaker)
5 Dec 2019 → 6 Dec 2019Activity: Participating in or organising an event › Participation in conference