A formação de profissionais de saúde para a prevenção de lesões musculoesqueléticas ligadas ao trabalho a nível da coluna lombar: uma revisão sistemática

Morbidity from workrelated musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSD) is estimated to be around 0.8 million DALYS worldwide and is the main cause of absenteeism from work. Healthcare professionals are one of the most vulnerable groups to those disorders, namely those moving and handling patients everyday. In view of the need to prevent WRMSD and the inability to change working conditions, there is a clear reliance on the implementation of programmes to train health professionals in patient mobilisation techniques. The aim of this study was to focus on the main interventions described in the bibliography concerning the impact of healthcare professional training on patient handling, more specifically nurses, with regard to helping to prevent WRMSD of the lumbar spine. A systematic review was conducted according to the Prisma Statement ^® method based on data from PubMed, Web of Science, BOn, JSTOR, Science, Nature, Scielo and IndeX, between 1998 and 2011, in Portuguese, English and French. 79 articles were found with the following search terms: health personnel OR health care workers, nurses OR nurs*, low back pain OR spinal/Spin* cord injuries, moving and lifting patients OR handling patients OR patient handling task, physical activity OR physical fitness and educational intervention OR training intervention. After screening and assessing the quality of the studies, 11 were selected and analysed. There is no scientific evidence to warrant investment in programmes focused on healthcare professional training/information on patient mobilization techniques to prevent musculoskeletal disorders of the lumbar spine. Multifactorial intervention programmes based on systemic and integrative components are more effective in WRMSD prevention.